1. 8:1 Progressivism Reaction to laisez-faire economics Government should take a more active role Faith in science and technology

2. 8:1 Muckrakers Journalists who investigated corruption In government, industry Jacob Riis Poverty, disease, and crime of cities

3. 8:1 Making Government More Efficient “The Principles of Scientific Management” Frederick W. Taylor Government should operate on business principles

4. 8:1 Robert La Follette Republican governor of Wisconsin Wisconsin became model for progressive reform Reforms: Direct primary: all party members could vote for candidate to run in general election

5. 8:1 Reforms (cont'd) Initiative: citizens could introduce legislation Referendum: citizens could vote on a proposed law Recall: remove an elected official from office

6. 8:1 Direct Election of Senators Senators were appointed by state legislatures 17th Amendment (1913): voters will elect Senators

7. 8:1 Suffrage: the right to vote States began granting women the right to vote 19th Amendment (1920): women have right to vote

8. 8:1 Child Labor “The Bitter Cry of the Children” -John Spargo Health and Safety Codes Lochner v New York (1905) Muller v Oregon (1908) Government can regulate business Alcohol Prohibition: ban the manufacture, sale, and consumption of alcohol

9. 8:1