New Horizon College English

New Horizon College English Unit 5 Section A The Battle Against AIDS

Text Analysis Pre-reading Activities Background information Watch & Discuss Main idea and devices for developing it Summary Expressions How to apply to our real life the typical expressions and patterns taken from the text Blank filling Language points Paragraph Writing Detailed study of the text Tips for Para. Writing

I. Pre-reading Activities : background information Back Latino (pl. Latinos)is the name given to Hispanic American citizens in the United States who share the Spanish language in common but may be from different races or religions and different Spanish speaking countries. Latinos are the fastest growing group in the U.S. and are expected to more than double in size by 2020. For a comprehensive list of Latino resources on the internet, you can check out the web page athttp://www.tenet.edu/latino/latino.html 上一页下一页

I. Pre-reading Activities: background information Back The federal governmentin the United States is a national republic whose members are elected to hold office for a limited period of time by citizens over 18 years of age. This republic has an elected president who is head of the nation as well as head of the federal or national government. For introduction to the U. S. government, please visit http://bensguide.gpo.gov 上一页下一页

Pre-reading Activities: background information A beauty shopis a business place where women go “to have their hair done,” i.e., washed, curled, colored, etc., or their fingernails or skin treated. The shop sells the ‘thought’ of beauty. A client should feel/look more beautiful after a visit to the beauty shop. Women who use such shops often have weekly appointments. 上一页

I. Pre-reading Activities: Look & Say 1. How much do you know about AIDS? key 2. What should we do to prevent AIDS? key Video watching Back Directions: Watch the video and then discuss the topics as follows: 上一页

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Summary:AIDS is a disease which destroys the natural method the body uses to protect against other diseases. It is different from HIV in that the former causes death while HIV may lead to AIDS. HIV is spread in three ways: 1) contact with infected blood; 2) sex; 3) mother-to-child transmission. AIDS usually develops in four stages: 1) There is only infection by HIV; 2) The lymph nodes (淋巴结) enlarge; 3 (症状) as tiredness, fever, and night sweats; 4) AIDS is diagnosed when a person ) An infected person may begin to have such signs develops certain uncommon, life-threatening illnesses. 返回 Path of thinking: • What is AIDS? • Is there any difference between AIDS and HIV? • How does AIDS develop in the body infected with HIV? key

Now that the fatal disease is here to stay in China and is spreading at an alarming speed, we have to do something effective about it. Some of the sound ways we can take include: 1) We should be clear about the ways it is spread so as to avoid improper fear in social contact; 2) We should arouse the public awareness of the fact that everyone is at risk and that all of us have a right to protect ourselves. 3) We should always add nothing but health to our life, saying “No” to any addictive drugs, making friends with peers of good taste, and staying away from unnatural(违反人伦的) sexual contact. Summary: People, American or Chinese, tend to turn pale at the mention of AIDS. This is due to the cold fact that it almost always leads to death while there is no known effective cure for it. Let’s quote US President Bush as saying in the video, “HIV / AIDS is one of the greatest medical challenges of our time. The disease has killed more than 20 million people. Today 42 million more are living with HIV. Across Africa, this disease is filling graveyards every day and creating orphans and leaving millions in desperate fight for their own lives.” 返回 >>>more Path of thinking: • Why do people turn pale at the mention of AIDS? • What ways can we take to guard against it? key

II.Text Analysis: Main Idea and Device for Developing It Device Main idea Part Ⅰ Part Ⅱ Part Ⅲ Part Ⅳ Main idea of the textand devices for developing it Main idea of each part and devices for developing it 解题法

II.Text Analysis: Main Idea and Device for Developing It Main idea of the text ? Devices for developing it? Back Despite the spread of AIDS, no cure for it and lack of government activity, some local organizations have been active and creative in the battle against the fatal disease. 解题法

>>>more 1. Problem-Solution-Evaluation问题解决法 Back The Problem: AIDS, diagnosed in the late 1970s, has killed more than 204,000 Americans, expecting another 185,000 of the one million infected with the HIV virus to die; and meanwhile,women and youth in rural Southern communities are making up the fastest segment of people with AIDS. Hit with the problems, however, American governments have been slow in stopping the spread of the disease.(Para. 1 - 3)

1. Problem-Solution-Evaluation问题解决法 Back The Solution: Numerous local organizations have set up and shared with each other some effective AIDS educational programs:speak to your community in a way they can hear; train teenagers to educate their peers; redefine “at risk” to include women from different backgrounds and marriage status. (Para. 3-12) TheEvaluation: These programs are not the only solutions to the crisis but, until there is a cure for AIDS, they are only safe measures against the virus.(Para. 13)

Back Specific statements: • Itoperates its educational programsout of a beauty shop. (Para.5) • Itresorts to the networkto help the hair stylists set up similar programs in other shops. (Para.6) • It has developed several techniquesuseful to other groups doing similar work:an easy-to-understand education within the community, self-education among peers, and redefinition of “at risk”. (Para. 7 -12)

II. Text Analysis: Main Idea and Devices for Developing It Part II Part III Part IV Back Main idea ? A serious disease named as AIDS was diagnosed in the U.S.A. in the late 1970s; and since then it has been a big threat to the American society. Part I (para. 1-2) Devices for developing it ? Phenomenon description(现象法) 下一页

II. Text Analysis: Main Idea and Devices for Developing It Back Main idea ? Part I In contrast to the government’s inactivity, some local organizations have made efforts to fight against AIDS creatively. Part II (para.3-6) Devices for developing it ? Part III Deduction (演绎法） Part IV 上一页下一页

II. Text Analysis: Main Idea and Devices for Developing It Back Main idea ? Part I The organization has generalized some practical methods which are useful to other similar groups. Part II Devices for developing it ? Part III (Para.7－13) Listing (列举法) Problem-solution-evaluation (解题法) Part IV 上一页下一页

II. Text Analysis: Main Idea and Devices for Developing It Part I Part II Part III Main idea ? Fighting against AIDS entails everyone’s involvement and forces each of us to be an educator and learn to live. Part IV (Para.14) Devices for developing it ? Induction(归纳法) 上一页

III. Expressions Expressions: • to be infected with the HIV virus • to suffer from a lack of money • In place of • Hand out • Set up • At risk • Regardless of • to represent the only safe measure to guard against the virus • 9. to wipe out an entire generation • 10. to be distracted from the job that must be done • 11. (not) feel comfortable talking about AIDS

III. Expressions Back 感染了……疾病  to be infected with (L.3) 活学活用如果你忽视了一些危险因素，你感染“非典”的机率就会增大。 Your chances of being infected with SARS will increase if you fail to guard against some risk factors. 上一页下一页

III. Expressions & Patterns Back 缺乏资金 • to suffer from a lack of money (L.13) 活学活用她的学业因她的大量社交活动而受到影响。 Her schoolwork suffered from all her social activities. 上一页下一页

III. Expressions & Patterns In place a lecture we will be showing a film. Back 代替  in place of 活学活用上一页下一页

III. Expressions Back Hand out 分发，散发活学活用推销员正在街上散发传单。 The salesman was handing out leaflets in the street. 上一页下一页

III. Expressions The council set up a committee to look into ways of creating more jobs in the area. Back Set up 建立，创立（公私，机构等）活学活用有人认为美国的教育在培养学生数学能力方面已明显滞后。上一页下一页

III. Expressions Back at risk 有危险，有风险活学活用你不系安全带真的会有危险的。 You really are at risk if you do not wear a seat-belt. 上一页下一页

III. Expressions & Patterns Back regardless of  不顾，不管活学活用不管天气如何，我们都决定出门。 We decide to go out regardless of the weather. 上一页下一页

III. Expressions Their actions represent a violation of the agreement. Back 代表唯一的安全措施  to represent the only safe measure (L.55) 活学活用他们的行为意味着违反协定。上一页下一页

III. Expressions Back 毁掉一代人 to wipe out an entire generation (L.56) 活学活用两国间的流血冲突起因于双方抹不掉的宿怨。 Bloody conflicts between the two countries arose from the old scores both sides failed to wipe out. 上一页下一页

III. Expressions He was a very serious and gifted individual and he did not allow anything to distract him from the research he was conducting, not even under the most extreme circumstances. Back 使（做）某事受到干扰  to be distracted from (doing) sth. (L.58) 活学活用他是一位非常严肃的、天赋极高的人,他不允许任何事情干扰他的研究,即使是在最极端的环境下也是如此。上一页下一页

III. Expressions 谈论艾滋病令人难受  (not) to feel comfortable talking about AIDS (L.60 ) 活学活用他不愿意谈及那些令人痛苦的问题。这些问题曾使他们的关系变得紧张和疏远。 He does not feel comfortable talking about those painful issues that once strained their relationship and made them grow distant. 上一页下一页

IV. Summary Since it was _________, AIDS has killed _________ of Americans. Women and youth in rural Southern communities are most ______ to be ________ with AIDS. In _____ of the spread of AIDS and lack of government activity to stop it, some local organizations ________. The South Carolina AIDS Education Network formed to help _______ the number of AIDS _____. In some communities, handing ____ AIDS literature and __________ people to read it is not very diagnosed thousands likely place infected emerged cases reduce out expecting 下一页

IV. Summary effective _______ because many people cannot read. Besides, AIDS is _________ fastest among teenagers in the _____ South. So these groups have _________ some _____ methods of _________ the spread of AIDS, ______ include: speak to your community in a way they can hear; train teenagers to educate their _____; and ________ “at risk” to include women from different backgrounds and marriage ______. In other _____, everyone should ____ ____ ____ the war ______ AIDS. spreading rural developed best combating which redefine peers status words sign up for against 上一页

V: language points • She also keeps books and other publications around so customers can read them while waiting for their appointments. (Para. 5) • Meaning: She also keeps some books and magazines in the shop so that customers can read them while waiting for their turn to get their hair cut.

V: language points • While no one way of winning the war against AIDS exists, the network shares these lessons learned in its battle against AIDS. (Para. 7) • Meaning: Although there is not just one way of stopping the spread of AIDS, the network lets others know about these experiences which are learned in the battle against AIDS.

V: language points • Many communities have a low literacy rate, making impossible passing out AIDS literature and expecting people to read it. (Para. 8) • Meaning: Many communities have many people who are not able to read and write, and this makes it impossible to hand out the materials about AIDS and expect them to read the materials.

V: language points • They also show people who look like those we need to educate, since people can relate more when they see familiar faces and language they can understand. (Para. 9) • Meaning: These books also use pictures that look like those people that need the education, because people can make a better connection when they see faces they know and language they understand.

V: language points • We simply cannot let people continue to die because we don't feel comfortable talking about AIDS. (Para. 14) • Meaning: We really cannot let people continue to die just because we are not happy to talk about AIDS.

Ⅵ. Paragraph Writing How to Break with Something Unwanted (建议类) 下一页

Ⅵ. Paragraph Writing 写作模式 Topic Sentence 2) Like other things, sth., once you have become addicted to it, is hard to break. 3) For instance, ... Problem Solution Evaluation 4) If there is every reason for you to rid yourself of it, here is how: 5)…(方法I) 6)…(方法II) 7)…(方法III) 8) As long as you cling to the steps, you will be amazed at how effective they are. • If you find it hard to get rid of sth., you • are not alone, for many people have tried • to break with sth. but without any success. （划线部分可替换）上一页下一页

Ⅵ. Paragraph Writing Reference model: How to Break with Your Bad Habit of Smoking 1) If you find it hard to get rid of your bad habit of smoking, you are not alone, for quite a few smokers have tried to break with it but in vain. 2) Like other bad habits, smoking, once you have become addicted to it, is very hard to break. 3) For instance, one friend of mine, a chain smoker, has done everything he could to give up smoking but now he is still living with it. 上一页下一页

Ⅵ. Paragraph Writing 4) But if there is every reason for you to rid yourself of it, here is how: 5) Build up your will to abandon it by frequently reminding yourself of its harmfulness. 6) Replace your bad habit with a good one, such as coffee drinking or bubble-gum chewing. 7) And listen to the regret the victims of smoking express from the bottom of their hearts. 8) As long as you cling to the steps as mentioned above, you will be amazed at how effective they are. THE END 上一页

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