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Understanding Energy Transfer in Ecosystems: Food Chains, Consumers, and Energy Pyramids

This chapter explores the transfer of energy in ecosystems, focusing on how sunlight is absorbed by producers and converted into sugars through photosynthesis. Consumers, including herbivores and carnivores, then utilize this energy. The food chain illustrates the one-way flow of energy from producers to various consumer levels, highlighting energy loss at each step. The energy pyramid visually represents energy transfer, showing fewer organisms as you move up the levels. Additionally, a food web details the interconnected feeding relationships within an ecosystem.

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Understanding Energy Transfer in Ecosystems: Food Chains, Consumers, and Energy Pyramids

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  1. Chapter Two: Transfer of Energy

  2. Transfer of Energy • Some light and heat that flows from the sun is absorbed by producers. • Through photosynthesis, producers turn the sun’s energy into sugar that they use for food. • When consumers eat producers they convert the sugar in producers to energy they can use.

  3. Food Chain • Shows how energy and matter flows from one organism to another • Energy transfer in the ecosystem always starts with a PRODCUER

  4. Energy Transfer- Food Chain • Food chains show a One-Way path of energy transfer • Energy goes from producer to herbivores and omnivores • At each level some energy is lost – the organism uses it for their own energy and heat loss • 10% is available for the next organism that consumes it

  5. Primary Consumers • Eat producers • Herbivores and Omnivores • Deer • Rabbits • Moose • First level of consumers in a food chain

  6. Secondary Consumers • Second level of consumers • Eaten by other consumers • Wolves • Snakes • Racoons

  7. Tertiary Consumers • Eat secondary consumers • Hawk • Vulture • Humans • Third level in the pyramid

  8. Important Note as a food chain gets longer there is less energy transferred from one biotic element to another

  9. Energy Pyramid • Shows the amount of energy transferred in a food chain • Fewer organisms are available the higher you move up the pyramid • 10% is consumed at each level • Less energy = less organisms

  10. Draw the food pyramid on pg 39

  11. Food Web • Interconnected food chains • See page 40 • Shows all the feeding relationships in an ecosystem

  12. Draw the food web on pg 40

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