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Long Term Evolution (LTE) and System Architecture Evolution (SAE)

Long Term Evolution (LTE) and System Architecture Evolution (SAE). Contents. Why LTE/SAE? LTE Overview LTE technical objectives and architecture LTE radio interface RAN interfaces SAE architechture [3GPP TS 23.401] Functions of eNB Functions of aGW GTP-U tunneling

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Long Term Evolution (LTE) and System Architecture Evolution (SAE)

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  1. www.nethawk.fi Long Term Evolution (LTE) and System Architecture Evolution (SAE)

  2. www.nethawk.fi Contents • Why LTE/SAE? • LTE Overview • LTE technical objectives and architecture • LTE radio interface • RAN interfaces • SAE architechture [3GPP TS 23.401] • Functions of eNB • Functions of aGW • GTP-U tunneling • Non-3GPP access tunneling • Testing challenges with LTE • LTE standardisation status

  3. www.nethawk.fi WhyLTE/SAE? • Packet Switched data is becoming more and more dominant • VoIP is the most efficient method to transfer voice data  Need for PS optimised system • Amount of data is continuously growing  Need for higher data rates at lower cost • Users demand better quality to accept new services • High quality needs to be quaranteed • Alternative solution for non-3GPP technologies (WiMAX) needed • LTE will enhance the system to satisfy these requirements.

  4. www.nethawk.fi LTE Overview • 3GPP R8 solution for the next 10 years • Peaks rates: DL 100Mbps with OFDMA, UL 50Mbps with SC-FDMA • Latency for Control-plane < 100ms, for User-plane < 5ms • Optimised for packet switched domain, supporting VoIP • Scaleable RF bandwidth between 1.25MHz to 20MHz • 200 users per cell in active state • Supports MBMS multimedia services • Uses MIMO multiple antenna technology • Optimised for 0-15km/h mobile speed and support for up-to 120-350 km/h • No soft handover, Intra-RAT handovers with UTRAN • Simpler E-UTRAN architecture: no RNC, no CS domain, no DCH

  5. www.nethawk.fi LTE technical objectives and architecture • User throughput [/MHz]: • Downlink: 3 to 4 times Release 6 HSDPA • Uplink: 2 to 3 times Release 6 Enhanced Uplink • Downlink Capacity: Peak data rate of 100 Mbps in 20 MHz maximum bandwidth • Uplink capacity: Peak data rate of 50 Mbps in 20 MHz maximum bandwidth • Latency: Transition time less than 5 ms in ideal conditions (user plane), 100 ms control plane (fast connection setup)

  6. www.nethawk.fi • Mobility: Optimised for low speed but supporting 120 km/h • Most data users are less mobile! • Simplified architecture: Simpler E-UTRAN architecture: no RNC, no CS domain, no DCH • Scalable bandwidth: 1.25MHz to 20MHz: Deployment possible in GSM bands.

  7. www.nethawk.fi LTE radio interface • New radio interface modulation: SC-FDMA UL and OFDMA DL • Frequency division, TTI 1 ms • Scalable bandwidth 1.25-20MHz • TDD and FDD modes • UL/DL in either in same or in another frequncy • OFDMA has multiple orthogonal subcarries that can be shared between users • quickly adjustable bandwith per user • SC-FDMA is technically similar to OFDMA but is better suited for uplink from hand-held devices • Single carrier, time space multiplexing • Tx consumes less power From Ericsson, H. Djuphammar

  8. www.nethawk.fi LTE/SAE Keywords • aGW Access Gateway • eNB Evolved NodeB • EPC Evolved Packet Core • E-UTRAN Evolved UTRAN • IASA Inter-Access System Anchor • LTE Long Term Evolution of UTRAN • MME Mobility Management Entity • OFDMA Ortogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access • SC-FDMA Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access • SAE System Architecture Evolution • UPE User Plane Entity

  9. eNB aGW aGW eNB eNB www.nethawk.fi RAN interfaces • X2 interface between eNBs for handovers • Handover in 10 ms • No soft handovers • Interfaces using IP over E1/T1/ATM/Ethernet /… • Load sharing in S1 • S1 divided to S1-U (to UPE) and S1-C (to CPE) • Single node failure has limited effects S1 X2 S8 X2

  10. Operator IP services (including IMS, PSS, ...) PDN SAE GW SAE GW GPRS Core MME UPE GERAN UTRAN PCRF HSS eNB eNB Non-3GPP IP Access www.nethawk.fi • SAE architecture [3GPP TS 23.401] Gb Iu S6 Rx+ S7 X1 S3 S4 SGi S1 S11 S5 aGW X1 X2 S2 Evolved Packet Core Evolved RAN

  11. TBD eNB aGW aGW SAE GW PDN SAE GW TBD PCRF HSS eNB eNB www.nethawk.fi SAE architechture [3GPP TS 23.401] S1 S7 S6a S5 S11 X2 IASA S8 SGi S11 Operator IP service, including IMS TBD aGW = MME/UPE Evolved RAN

  12. www.nethawk.fi Functions of eNB • Terminates RRC, RLC and MAC protocols and takes care of Radio Resource Management functions • Controls radio bearers • Controls radio admissions • Controls mobility connections • Allocates radio resources dynamically (scheduling) • Receives measurement reports from UE • Selects MME at UE attachment • Schedules and transmits paging messages coming from MME • Schedules and transmits broadcast information coming from MME & O&M • Decides measurement report configuration for mobility and scheduling • Does IP header compression and encryption of user data streams

  13. www.nethawk.fi Functions of aGW • Takes care of Mobility Management Entity (MME) functions • Manages and stores UE context • Generates temporary identities and allocates them to UEs • Checks authorization • Distributes paging messages to eNBs • Takes care of security protocol • Controls idle state mobility • Control SAE bearers • Ciphers & integrity protects NAS signaling

  14. www.nethawk.fi • Takes care of User Plane Entity (UPE) functions • Terminates for idle state UEs the downlink data path and triggers/initiates paging when downlink data arrive for the UE. • Manages and stores UE contexts, e.g. parameters of the IP bearer service or network internal routing information. • Switches user plane for UE mobility • Terminates user plane packets for paging reasons

  15. www.nethawk.fi Functions S1

  16. PDCP PDCP MAC MAC RRC RRC NAS NAS PHY PHY RLC RLC www.nethawk.fi • LTE Control Plane UE aGW eNB S1

  17. PDCP PDCP MAC MAC PHY PHY RLC RLC IP IP www.nethawk.fi • LTE User Plane aGW UE eNB S1

  18. Application GTP-U GTP-U GTP-U GTP-U PDCP TCP/UDP u RLC UDP UDP UDP UDP Application MAC TCP/UDP L2 L2 IP IP IP IP IPv6/v4 IPv6/v4 L2 L2 L2 L2 ENC L1 L1 L1 L1 Radio L1 PDCP GTP-U GTP-U L1 L1 RLC UDP UDP MAC IP IP L2 L2 L1 L1 Radio L1 www.nethawk.fi GTP-U tunneling Header compression & encryption UE UPE eNB SAE GW PDN SAE GW Server S1 S5 X1 S11 SGi L2 L1

  19. L2 L2 L1 L1 www.nethawk.fi Non-3GPP access tunneling UE Server PDN SAE GW HA AP SGi S2 WLAN Application TCP/UDP IPv4/6 IPv4/6 MIP MIP UDP UDP IP IPv6/v4 IP IP IP IP L2 IP L1 L2 L2 L2 L2 L1 L1 L1 L1

  20. www.nethawk.fi Testing challenges with LTE • How to optimize radio interface? • No radio measurement data available since no ”Iub-like” interface • Increased complexity of eNB • need for analysis of internal traffic • need for internal debugging • need for analysis of protocol data • How to test inter-eNB handovers? • How to test inter-system handovers? • How to test voice and video broadcast? • 10x higher throughput  How to verify eNB performance? • How to test application level QoS? How to verify SLA? • How to handle network management challenges?

  21. www.nethawk.fi LTE standardisation status • Specification work done by 3GPP TS RAN. • First 3GPP specs expected 3Q2007 • First trials expected 2008 • Commercial release expected 2009 • NetHawk is member in 3GPP and follows closely the standardisation work 2007 2008 2009 Commercial Release Specification Trials First 3GPP specs expected 3Q/2007

  22. www.nethawk.fi

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