1. Sectionalism from Economic Differences

2. Enduring Understanding and Essential Question EU: Sectional priorities can shape the policies of a national government. EQ: How did economic conditions and social issues contribute to the differences in sectionalism and nationalism?

3. A. Maps Activity • Looking at the following maps, you should be able to explain how the North and the South are different with regards to: • Major cities (and thus population) • Industries • Agriculture • Transportation infrastructure/railroads

4. 2 economies develop North South

5. 2 economies develop Major Cities North South

6. A. Major Cities • The North had most of the major cities in the U.S. • This meant that the larger cities could provide lots of employees.

7. 2 economies develop Railroads North South

8. B. Transportation Systems • The North created a good transportation system to move goods. • Included roads, steamboats and canals and railroads. • It had larger rivers to build canals for steamboat travel. • Made it much easier to trade, so people made more money. • A few railroads in the South, but nothing like the North.

9. C. Agriculture Difference • The South has all of the agricultural production in the U.S. • Needed more labor to have this type of production, so slave labor became even more important/essential. • Cotton production in the South: • 1792: 6,000 bales • 1801: Over 100,000 bales • This is the effect of the cotton gin.

10. D. Impact: Different Economic Systems • The South had lots of land, so an agriculture-based economy made more sense for them. • It did not have the rivers and transportation system the North had to build an industrial economy. • The North had the rivers, transportation system and large cities to build an industrial/manufacturing economy. • It did not have the best farm land to have an agriculture-based economy.

11. 2 economies develop Industries North South

12. 2 economies develop Agriculture North South

13. E. Social Conflict from Economic Differences • Economies shaped a lot of the social conflict. • Southerners needed slavery for their economy, so they wanted to keep it. – “necessary evil” • Northerners didn’t need it, so it was a big reason they were for removing it. • HOWEVER, Northerners still used the cheap raw materials (cotton) from the South in their factories (making textiles) despite being against slavery. • This is the reason not all Northerners were against slavery.

14. Independent Practice • Imagine you are forced to travel back in time to the early 1800’s. Would you invest in the Northern or Southern economy? Use evidence from your notes to support your argument. • Your answer should be 8-10 sentences and should be written in the AEC style.

15. Exit Ticket 1) Which of the following best describes economic factors that led to sectionalism prior to the Civil War? a. The northern economy was primarily agricultural, while the southern economy was based on manufacturing. b. Jobs on plantations attracted more European immigrants to the South than to the North. c. Transportation systems were more developed in the North than in the South. d. The southern economy was more diversified than the northern economy.

16. Exit Ticket 2) Each of the following was a point of tension between the North and the South prior to the Civil War EXCEPT: a. The issue of slavery b. Agrarian economy versus the industrial economy c. State rights versus the power of the federal government d. The belief that the Constitution was the ultimate law of the land.

17. Exit Ticket 3) Why did the South’s economy become focused on agriculture? 4) Why did the North’s economy become focused on manufacturing/industrializing?