1 / 17

Phylum Arthropoda

Phylum Arthropoda. Terrestrial Mandibulates : Spiders and Insects. Characteristics. Segmented bodies Jointed appendages Specialized for eating, sensing, reproduction, defense and movement Exoskeleton Hard covering on the outside of the animal

sherri
Télécharger la présentation

Phylum Arthropoda

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Phylum Arthropoda Terrestrial Mandibulates: Spiders and Insects

  2. Characteristics • Segmented bodies • Jointed appendages • Specialized for eating, sensing, reproduction, defense and movement • Exoskeleton • Hard covering on the outside of the animal • Limits the growth of the organism (must shed) • Muscles are attached to this layer • Secreted by underlying epidermis • Shed (molted) at intervals

  3. Characteristics • Bilateral symmetry • Muscular system • Complex • Contains two types of muscles • Body cavity • Coelom is smaller in size   • Most of body cavity consists of hemocoel (sinuses, or spaces, in the tissues) • Filled with blood

  4. Characteristics • Digestion • Complete digestive system  • Esophagus, crop, gizzard, midgut, hindgut and anus • Mouthparts modified from appendages and adapted for different methods of feeding • Circulatory System • Open system • Dorsal contractile heart, arteries

  5. Characteristics • Respiration • Obtain oxygen through: • 1) body surface (diffusion), • 2) gills, • 3) tracheal (air tubes) – carry oxygen to muscles • 4) book lungs • Spiracles—small openings in the exoskeleton through which air opens

  6. Characteristics • Water retention—3 structures • 1) Malpighian tubules— • excretory structures that remove metabolic wastes from blood and return water to the cells • 2) Exoskeleton— • prevents water evaporation • 3) Book Lungs— • gas exchange without water loss (also used in respiration)

  7. Characteristics • Excretory system • Paired excretory glands in some • Same as the nephridial system of annelids  • Some with other excretory organs, called Malpighian tubules

  8. Characteristics • Nervous system • Contains same system of annelid (with dorsal brain connected by a double nerve chain) • Fusion of ganglia in some species   • Well-developed sensory organs • Compounds eyes with many lenses (can see motion and color)

  9. Characteristics • Reproduction • Sexes usually separate, • Paired reproductive organs and ducts;   • Usually internal fertilization; • often go through metamorphosis (change in body form  larva to adult)

  10. Classification • Phylum Arthropoda(most diverse phylum) • Subgroups of Terrestrial Arthropods: • Subphylum Chelicerata – • Characteristics of all: • six pairs of appendages that include • a pair of chelicerae, • a pair of pedipalps, and • 4 pairs of walking legs • No mandibles and no antennae.   • Suck up liquid food from their prey. • Two body segments (abdomen and cephalothorax)

  11. Classification • Class Merostomata– • Horseshoe crabs are practically unchanged • Have an unsegmented, horseshoe-shaped carapace, and a broad abdomen, which has a long spine like telson. • Book gills are exposed.   • They feed at night on worms and small mollusks and are harmless to humans. • Include horseshoe crabs

  12. Classification • Class Arachnida– • over 50,000 species • Body organization: cephalothorax, abdomen • Examples: Spiders (35,000 species), scorpions, ticks, mites

  13. Classification • Spiders: • hunt using strong legs and good eyes; weave silk for web (hunt and reproduction); fangs are modified chelicerae (liquefy prey with venom) • Scorpions: • long, segmented abdomen with a stinger; • Mites and Ticks: • mites have one body segment, eat bacteria or skin cells of humans; ticks are mostly parasitic, require blood before molting and can cause Rocky Mtn spotted fever

  14. Classification • Subphylum Uniramia– • Characteristics: • Appendages are unbranched.   • Includes the insects and the myriapods (centipedes and millipedes). • Heads resemble the crustacean head but have only one pair of antennae, instead of two. • Also have a tympanic membrane for sound  • Have mandibles and two pairs of maxillae • Respiration is by body surface and tracheal systems, • Although juveniles, if aquatic, may have gills.

  15. Classification • Class Chilopoda- • They are active predators with a preference for moist places such as under logs or stones, where they feed on earthworms, insects, etc.   • Each segment (they have between 10 and 70), except the one behind the head and the last two, bears one pair of appendages. • Include: centipedes

  16. Classification • Class Diplopoda– • Include Millipedes • Have cylindrical bodies made up of 25 to 100 segments. • Abdominal segments each have two pairs. • Millipedes are less active than centipedes • Generally herbivorous, living on decayed plant and animal matter

  17. Classification • Class Insecta– • Most numerous and diverse of all arthropods. • (There are more species of insects than species in all the other classes of animals combined!!) • Have three pairs of legs • Usually have two pairs of wings (although some have one pair of wings, or none)   • Body organization: head, thorax, and abdomen. • The head usually bears a pair of large compound eyes, a pair of antennae, and usually three ocelli.  

More Related