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Acknowledgments

Developing A “Living Laboratory” for Sustainability with Technology Requiring IP Protection Devinder Mahajan, Ph.D. Global Forum on Law, Justice and Development The Role of IP in Developing Countries World Bank/IMF Annual Meeting Washington, DC October 10, 2013. Acknowledgments.

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Acknowledgments

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  1. Developing A “Living Laboratory” for Sustainabilitywith Technology Requiring IP ProtectionDevinder Mahajan, Ph.D.Global Forum on Law, Justice and Development The Role of IP in Developing CountriesWorld Bank/IMF Annual Meeting Washington, DCOctober 10, 2013

  2. Acknowledgments Hosts: LJD and DoS EB/TPP/IPE Office, U.S. Department of State The World Bank Group

  3. Developing Countries-Poverty Issue 1.3 billion people live on $1.25/day UN: SDGs (2013) President Jim Yong Kim, The World Bank Group in The Guardian Interview, July 2012 I want to eradicate poverty Most jobs are created by the private sector LDCs: TRIPS Agreement (extended till 2021) Building technological base Capacity building

  4. IP Issues Technology and Prosperity Linkage International patent filing (a measure of global competitiveness in technology): U.S., Japan and Germany accounted for 58% of the total (UN WIPO, 2013) LDCs- Not even on the radar screen Sub-Sahara Africa- A rather poor showing How do we change this?

  5. East Africa East Africa Oil & Gas market is about $4 billion (2013) Upcoming East Africa Oil Projects - 100,000 bpd refinery in Kenya's northeastern town of Isiolo to refine crude from Turkana. - Uganda's first refinery estimated to cost ~$2.5 billion. - Proposed $12 billion refinery in Mozambique. Planned capacity ~350,000 bpd. Power Africa (President Obama, June 2013) Phase 1 target: Develop 10,000 MW power to light 20 million households. U.S.: $7 billion over 5 years(e.g. USAID $285 million) Kenya 2030 Initiative A key part of the initiative is a robust economy driven by a stable, efficient and reliable supply of electricity to fuel economic growth.

  6. TBI: Key Partners • TBI: A partnership between the Leakey Foundation and Stony Brook University

  7. Turkana Basin: Key Facts TB Least developed county in Kenya (per capita: 1/8th). Environmental degradation is a way of life- Trees to charcoal production is alarming. Abundant Renewables: Solar, Biomass, Geothermal. Oil & Gas finds will transform the region in 5 years.

  8. Turkwel Ileret TBI: Mission and Scope Both TBI sites operate on Solar and/or wind. Primary Focus: Understand “Human Evolution” Energy: Poverty reduction in the region. Local capacity building. A “Living Laboratory” in Kenya to serve as a model of Sustainability.

  9. TBI: Approach Establish Energy education and research center. Facility accessible to faculty and students in sub-Sahara Africa Develop local renewable energy sources. TBI is off-grid. Utilize solar, wind and other resources to power TBI facilities. Work with SMEs and import technology with IP protection Provide employment to local communities

  10. TBI-E: Education Develop and offer undergraduate & graduate courses in Energy. Follow TBI semester modules already in operation for “Human Evolution”. Offer full Semester (15 credits) Target African students. Seek industry and public sponsorships to meet African students’ financial needs.

  11. TBI, a “Living Laboratory” for Sustainability TBI-E: R&D Focus TBI-E Power Fuels • Produce: 1) Power using Doum nut and 2) Fuel (diesel) using algae, to meet the energy needs of TBI facility (near term). • Production of fuels from atmospheric CO2 (long-term).

  12. Partnerships will local institutions is key to effective TBI presence in sub-Sahara Africa. • - Jomo-Kenyatta University of Agriculture of Technology (JKUAT) • Need village-level technologies to meet electric (Power Africa relevance) and fuel needs. • IP protection- working with SMEs. TBI Implementation Plan

  13. Infrastructure completion at TBI sites. Self-sufficiency in Power and Fuel to demonstrate Sustainability. IP is a key component to move forward. Separate fundamental science (open) from technology (IP based). TBI establishes partnerships with industry and local universities (IP sharing model). The model is replicated throughout Sub-Sahara Africa. TBI: Looking Forward

  14. How do we attract SMEs to developing countries? Would engaging local universities in joint IP development model work? Is there a way forward for LDCs after TRIPS Agreement expires (in 2021)? Can we separate Science (open source) from Technology (IP based) for discussion purposes? Open Questions

  15. Additional Slides

  16. Our U.S. Facilities Facilities (to train African faculty and students) Recently established Low-Carbon Energy Management (L-CEM) laboratories at the AEC will be the staging ground. Build Energy R&D facilities at TBI (Supplemental Facilities) BNL Long Island Solar Facility (LISF)- 32 MW capacity to power 5400 homes. - Northeast Solar Energy Research Center (NSERC)- 1 MW R&D Facility

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