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Computers

Computers. Industry & Applications. Computer Generations. Computer Generations. Generation “0” pre-digital Babbage Hollerith Atanasoff. Computer Generations. Generation 1 1944-1959 vacuum tubes direct key or paper/magnetic tape hot, big, faster than humans, but...

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Computers

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  1. Computers Industry & Applications

  2. Computer Generations

  3. Computer Generations Generation “0” • pre-digital • Babbage • Hollerith • Atanasoff

  4. Computer Generations Generation 1 • 1944-1959 • vacuum tubes • direct key or paper/magnetic tape • hot, big, faster than humans, but... • UNIVAC, ORACLE, ENIAC

  5. Computer Generations Generation 2 • 1959-1964 • transistors • “little sandwiches” • no warm-up, cooler, less energy • paper or magnetic tape • IBM 1400

  6. Computer Generations Generation 3 • 1964-1972 • integrated circuit (chip) • thousands of circuits on single chip • smaller, cooler, less energy • IBM 360

  7. Computer Generations Generation 4 • 1972 - present • VSLI (Very Large Scale Integration) • now millions of components on chip • Intel, AMD • PCs and Macs

  8. Computer Generations Generation 5 • 1979-present • supercomputers • multiple, parallel processors

  9. Key Developments • Software • word processing -- “killer ap” • Short Term Memory • RAM • Long Term Memory • magnetic, optical disks

  10. Key Developments • Interface • GUI, CRT, mouse, others • Data Communications • MODEM -- modulate, demodulate • LANs & WANs

  11. Industry Segments • Computers (hardware) • mainframes • PCs • work stations

  12. Industry Segments • Peripherals • storage devices • ZIP, tape backup • components • key boards, video • multi-use, converging

  13. Industry Segments • Software • pre-packaged • network-based

  14. Technology Trends • Multimedia • the next "killer ap“ • Drives sales and innovation

  15. Technology Trends • PDAs (personal data assistants) • crashed, then resurrected • Different companies dominate – Palm, Casio, Mindspring • tied to Internet, wireless phone

  16. Technology Trends • Videoconferencing • Net chat • Internet phone • Wireless videophones • Virtual Reality • military, medicine • net chat

  17. Information Service Provider • Creates content • Maintains editorial control • Delivered through distribution network • Can be: • entertainment • information • interactive service

  18. Common Carrier • Channel • distribution device or network • Carries all messages • service available to all on equal basis • non-discriminatory pricing/carriage • No direct financial interest in content

  19. telephone network railroad US Mail airlines cable TV system Internet backbone 976 & 800 numbers minitel Comp-U-Serve teletext World Wide Web AOL Channels & Services

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