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Understanding the Internet: History, Protocols, and Search Engines

This lecture explores the Internet's evolution, detailing the interconnection of computers through the TCP/IP communication protocol. You'll learn about the historical development of the Internet, including DARPA's early projects, the establishment of ARPANET, and key milestones such as the introduction of email and TCP/IP by pioneers like Vint Cerf and Bob Kahn. Additionally, we will delve into the emergence of the World Wide Web, hyperlinks, and notable search engines that revolutionized online information retrieval.

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Understanding the Internet: History, Protocols, and Search Engines

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Computer Application in Mass Comm. 2nd lectureMMC1

  2. What is Internet? • Interconnection of computers and computer networks using TCP/IP communication protocol • • Transport Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) • • What is a protocol? – A protocol is a set of rules defining communication between systems

  3. History of internet • It was invented by Al Gore • Early 1960’s - DARPA (ARPA in 1960’s) project headed by Licklider • Late 1960’s - ARPANET & research on packet switching by Roberts • First node installed by BBN at UCLA in September 1969 • 1969 - Four host computers (UCLA, SRI, UCSB, University of Utah)

  4. ARPANET, 1980

  5. 1969 - RFCs begun by S. Crocker (http://rfc.sunsite.dk/) • 1972 - Email by Ray Tomlinson & Larry Roberts • 1970’s - TCP by Vint Cerf & Bob Kahn • Evolved into TCP/IP, and UDP • 1980s – Hardware Explosion (LANs, PCs, and workstations) • 1983 – Ethernet by Metcalfe

  6. Tim Berners-Lee at CERN in 1989 • Proposal for WWW in 1990 • First web page on November 13, 1990 • Hypertext - Text that contains links to other text. • Ted Nelson’s Xanadu • Vannevar Bush’s Memex

  7. Communicating Via the Internet

  8. Search Engines • www.google.com • www.dogpile.com • www.ask.com

  9. http://www.bing.com/ • www.yahoo.com

  10. AllTheWeb.comhttp://www.alltheweb.com • AOL Searchhttp://aolsearch.aol.com (internal)http://search.aol.com/(external) • HotBothttp://www.hotbot.com • AltaVistahttp://www.altavista.com

  11. Gigablasthttp://www.gigablast.com • Live Searchhttp://www.live.com/ • LookSmarthttp://www.looksmart.com • Lycoshttp://www.lycos.com • Netscape Searchhttp://search.netscape.com

  12. Open Directoryhttp://dmoz.org/

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