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Endo 2: Endocrine control

Endo 2: Endocrine control . For each hormone, know … - name and location of secreting organ - chemical class and receptor type (where given) - target(s) and main effect on target(s) - control pathway

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Endo 2: Endocrine control

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  1. Endo 2: Endocrine control For each hormone, know … • - name and location of secreting organ • - chemical class and receptor type (where given) • - target(s) and main effect on target(s) • - control pathway • Contrast the anterior and posterior pituitary in hormones and mechanisms of release (innervation and vascular supply). • Diagram the control axes/ negative feedback control of anterior pituitary hormones.

  2. Endocrine homeostatic control of [Ca++]plasma Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) stimulates… • bone osteoclasts to breakdown Ca-phosphate • kidneys to reabsorb Ca2+ • intestines to increase Ca2+ absorption (through vitamin D activation) • Calcitonin • osteoblasts to build bone • kidneys to excrete Ca2+

  3. PTH & calcitonin are peptide hormones. • What is their basic chemical structure? • How are they made? stored? released? • Where are their receptors on target cells?

  4. Calcitonin has effects opposite of PTH effects on bones, kidneys.

  5.  [Ca2+]plasma causes • PTH  or  ? •  PTH causes [Ca2+]plasma  or  • Represent these on a simple graph.

  6. Endocrine homeostatic control of osmolarity: regulation of water volume and [ion]s • Aldosterone - promotes sodium conservation • Vasopressin (anti-diuretic hormone)- promotes waterconservation • ANP (atrial natriuretic peptide)- promotes sodium loss, to reduce water vol.

  7. Induces Na+ conservation Synthesized and released from adrenal cortex Steroid hormone Acts on kidney cells to increase production of Na+ membrane channels and Na+/K+ pumps Osmoregulation: Aldosterone * warning - gross anatomy picture is next

  8. Adrenal gland gross anatomy image Adrenal gland

  9. Osmoregulation: Aldosterone

  10. Induces H2O conservation Released from posterior pituitary Peptide hormone (stored in vesicles, moves out of cells by exocytosis) Activates G protein, cAMP 2nd messenger system in kidney cells to increase water pores (aquaporins) on apical membrane surface. Osmoregulation: Vasopressin (ADH)

  11. Osmoregulation: Vasopressin (ADH)

  12. Aldosterone & ADH effects on OsM • If aldosterone rises OsM increases or decreases? • If ADH rises OsM increases or decreases?

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