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Jeffersonian Democracy. Chapter 10 Section 1. Election of 1800. Federalist Party. Democratic-Republican Party. President John Adams Believed the Democratic-Thought Republicans were a threat to the Constitution and the Republic
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Jeffersonian Democracy Chapter 10 Section 1
Election of 1800 Federalist Party Democratic-Republican Party • President John Adams • Believed the Democratic-Thought Republicans were a threat to the Constitution and the Republic • Thought the nation was about to be ruined by radicals (extremists) • In the French Revolution thousands were executed in the name of Liberty. • Vice-President Thomas Jefferson • Believed the Federalists were a threat to the Constitution and the Republic • Thought they were saving the nation from monarchy and oppression. • Believed the Alien and Sedition Acts violated the Bill of Rights
The Election of 1800Breaking the Tie • Democratic-Republicans • Thomas Jefferson 73 Electoral Votes • Aaron Burr 73 Electoral Votes • Federalists • John Adams 65 Electoral Votes • In the Case of no majority in the Electoral College the House of Representatives elects the President. • The House voted 36 times before electing Thomas Jefferson. • Alexander Hamilton a Federalists convinced Federalists in the House to vote for Jefferson for the good of the Country. • Hamilton considered Burr an unreliable man and urged the election of Jefferson. • Burr later challenges Hamilton to a Duel and Kills him for the insult
Jefferson’s more than a President • Beyond Politics • Skilled Violinist, • Amateur Scientist, • Devoted Reader • His Library became Library of Congress • Architect • His study of Ancient Greece and Rome is reflected throughout Washington DC • 1st Wanted to Heal the Country after the election • Let us, then, fellow-citizens, unite with one heart and on mind…. Every difference of opinion is not a difference of principle…. We are all Republicans, we are all Federalists. Thomas Jefferson
Jefferson’s Presidency • Wanted a nation of independent farmers • Believed strong morals and democratic ideals would develop from country living • Didn’t want people to crowd into the cities as Europeans had. • Believed the Central Government should be limited, and that people should be enabled to govern themselves. • He reduced the number of federal employees and the size of the military and ended many Federalists programs • Let the Alien and sedition Acts expire • Released prisoners convicted under the acts • Had Congress repeal the Whiskey Tax
Jefferson’s Presidency Continued • Changes to Financial Policies. • Hamilton believed that some public debt was good, it made government responsible to the holders of the debt. • Jefferson used tariffs and land sales to reduce Government Debt
Jefferson and the CourtsMarbury v. Madison • Under the Judiciary Act of 1801 John Adams appointed many Federalist Judges before he left office to deny Jefferson the opportunity. • John Adams had appointed Marbury as a justice of the peace but the appointment papers were not delivered before Adams left office. Jefferson ordered James Madison not to deliver the papers denying Marbury the Appointment. • Marbury said that the Judiciary Act of 1789 created Federal Judgeships and said that the Supreme Court could settle disputes about judicial appointment.
Marburyvs MadisonJudicial Review • Madison wins but Jefferson Loses • Chief Justice John Marshall ruled that Congress could not give it the power to settle these disputes it wasn’t in the Constitution. • William Marbury did not receive his Judgeship. • By Ruling that Congress could not add a power, it was creating the practice of Judicial Review. • Marshall wrote, if the Constitution is to be the supreme law of the land, then any law contrary to the Constitution ”is not law”. • This established the Supreme Court as a “Co-equal Branch” of Government.
