THE NEW FRONTIER (JFK )

1. DOMESTIC: • Surrounded by tough-minded people like his brother (Attorney General) • Aid to Education • Support of Health Care • Urban Renewal • *Civil Rights • Increased Defense spending (conventional) & Increase $ for NASA – Committed to land on the moon by end of the decade. THE NEW FRONTIER (JFK)

2. FOREIGN: • Established Peace Corps – aid to 3rd world countries • Tariff reductions • Bay of Pigs – (1961) – Failed attempt to overthrow Castro government by trained Cuban exiles/CIA. Castro receives more aid from USSR. • Berlin Wall – U.S refuses to pull out of Berlin – USSR puts up Berlin Wall to keep people in. This was a symbol of the Cold War until it was torn down in 1989. • Cuban Missile Crisis – U.S. sets up naval blockade to stop shipment of Russian nukes from reaching Cuban underground sites. After tense moments, Khrushchev removes the missiles for a U.S. promise not to invade the island. • Flexible Response - $ for conventional weapons. • Vietnam THE NEW FRONTIER (JFK)

3. DOMESTIC: • Expand social reforms of New Deal • Passed version of Civil Rights Bill & Kennedy’s tax cut. • 1964 – Civil Rights Act – segregation illegal in all public facilities – EEOC (equal), 24th Amendment – abolished poll taxes. • 1965 – Voting Rights Act – ended literacy tests. • Office of Economic Opportunity – attack poverty w/ programs like Head Start, Job Corps, and Community Action Program. • Medicare & Medicaid • Elementary & Secondary Act THE GREAT SOCIETY (LBJ)

4. DOMESTIC: • New immigration Laws • National Foundation for the Arts & Humanities • DOT & HUD • Increased funds for education, public housing, and crime prevention. • President for Civil Rights protest by MLK Jr., Black Muslims and Malcolm X, and race riots, and Warren Courts. • Counterculture • Women’s Movement • Sexual Revolution • New left THE GREAT SOCIETY (LBJ)

5. **Vietnam War- THE NEW FRONTIER (JFK) & THE GREAT SOCIETY (LBJ)