1 / 7

Head Injury

Head Injury. LAMRT Nov 08. Head injuries. Pathophysiology of brain injury One million patients attend A+E each year in UK with head injury 80% are minor (GCS 13-15) 10% are moderate (GCS 9-12) 10% are severe (GCS <8) Severe head injuries account for 50% of trauma related deaths .

svea
Télécharger la présentation

Head Injury

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Head Injury LAMRT Nov 08

  2. Head injuries • Pathophysiology of brain injury • One million patients attend A+E each year in UK with head injury • 80% are minor (GCS 13-15) • 10% are moderate (GCS 9-12) • 10% are severe (GCS <8) • Severe head injuries account for 50% of trauma related deaths

  3. Mechanisms Of Injury Primary brain injuryDamage caused at time of impact Can be focal or diffuse Injury is due to deceleration and shearing forces Dependent on extent of initial injury Difficult to treat Secondary brain injuryInsult imposed after initial injury Due to: Hypoxaemia Hypercapnia Systemic hypotension Intracranial haematoma Intracranial hypertensionEarly treatment is aimed at the prevention of secondary injury

  4. Management • Patients should be managed according to ATLS protocols to prevent secondary brain injury • 5-10% patients with severe head injury have cervical spine injury • Full assessment requires • Glasgow Coma Scale • Pulse, blood pressure • Assessment of pupil diameter and response • Assessment of limb movement • Patients with GCS less than 8 require early intubation

  5. Basal Skull Fracture Signs of basal skull fracture • Blood or CSF from nose or ear • Periorbital haematoma • Mastoid haematoma (Battle's sign)

  6. Extradural haematoma Classic presentation • Transient loss of consciousness with rapid recovery • Lucid interval • Rapid deterioration in level of consciousness • Increased blood pressure. Falling pulse rate • Limb weakness • Pupillary dilatation

  7. Subdural haematoma • Complication of high velocity injury • Patient usually unconscious from the time of injury • Deteriorating level of consciousness

More Related