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Survey on Hyperspectral Imaging Sensors in Mechatronics

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sydney
20 diapositives · 350 Views · Aug 09, 2014

This literature survey explores hyperspectral imaging sensors, detailing their working principles, applications, and current developments. It covers key areas such as military, agriculture, biology, and structural engineering. The report discusses material identification, examples of spectral data, and the construction of hyperspectral images. Specifications, limitations, and alternative technologies are also examined. This comprehensive review serves as a resource for further understanding the potential of hyperspectral imaging in various fields and its growing role in modern technology.

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  1. ECE5320 MechatronicsAssignment#01: Literature Survey on Sensors and Actuators Topic: Hyperspectral Imaging Sensors Prepared by: Shelley Rounds Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering Utah State University E: shelleyr@cc.usu.edu T: (801)884-9235 3/9/2007

  2. Outline • Reference list • To probe further • Applications • Basic working principle • Identification • Material Spectra Examples • Sample Configuration • Specifications • Limitations • Alternatives • Cost ECE5320 Mechatronics. Assignment#1 Survey on sensors and actuators

  3. Reference List • http://www.asprs.org/publications/pers/2004journal/april/highlight.pdf • http://www.globalsecurity.org/intell/library/imint/hyper.htm • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperspectral_imaging • www.microimages.com/getstart/pdf_new/hyprspec.pdf • K. Fife, “Hyperspectral Imaging for UAVs” • C. Mao, J. Heitschmidt, “Hyperspectral imaging with liquid crystal tunable filter for biological and agricultural assessment,” SPIE, Conference on Precision Agriculture and Biological Quality, Boston Mass., Nov. 1998. ECE5320 Mechatronics. Assignment#1 Survey on sensors and actuators

  4. To explore further (survival pointers of web references etc) • http://www.techexpo.com/WWW/opto-knowledge/IS_resources.html • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panchromatic • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-spectral_image • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spectrometer ECE5320 Mechatronics. Assignment#1 Survey on sensors and actuators

  5. Applications • New Technology • Hyperspectral imaging is still in its infancy • Its application potential is not yet fully realized • Current Fields of Use • Military • Agriculture • Biology • Structural Engineering ECE5320 Mechatronics. Assignment#1 Survey on sensors and actuators

  6. Current Applications • Target Detection • Thermal Emissions • Hazardous Waist • Biological and Chemical Weapons • Plant Disease • Oil Seeps • Material Mapping/Material Identification • Mineral Mapping • Toxic Waist Mapping in Mines • Mapping Detailed Surfaces • Soil Moisture • Plant Canopy Chemistry ECE5320 Mechatronics. Assignment#1 Survey on sensors and actuators

  7. Current Applications Major Advantage Objects and materials smaller than the pixel size can be identified www.globalsecurity.org ECE5320 Mechatronics. Assignment#1 Survey on sensors and actuators

  8. Basic Working Principle • What is hyperspectral imaging? • How does it work? www.microimages.com ECE5320 Mechatronics. Assignment#1 Survey on sensors and actuators

  9. Basic Working Principle • Hyerspactral Image • A 3D cubic data set with one spectral dimension and two spatial dimensions. • Constructing 3D Cubic Set • Hundreds of images are taken of the same area (two spatial dimensions) • Each image captures the reflectance of the area at a different wavelength (one spectral dimension) • The images are stacked together to create a cube www.globalsecurity.org ECE5320 Mechatronics. Assignment#1 Survey on sensors and actuators

  10. Basic Working Principle www.microimages.com ECE5320 Mechatronics. Assignment#1 Survey on sensors and actuators

  11. Basic Working Principle • Image Process • An optical dispersing element such as a grating or prism splits light into many narrow, adjacent wavelength bands • The energy in each band is measured by a separate detector. • Optics can be used before dispersion to adjust the ground resolution per pixel ECE5320 Mechatronics. Assignment#1 Survey on sensors and actuators

  12. Basic Working Principle www.microimages.com ECE5320 Mechatronics. Assignment#1 Survey on sensors and actuators

  13. Identification How can we identify materials? • Certain materials have a unique reflectance spectrum (i.e. plants have a high reflectance in the near-inferred range) • Spectral libraries can help identify materials • Hyperspectral imaging software can also help identify material From Hyperspectral Image Analysis Toolbox (HIAT) ECE5320 Mechatronics. Assignment#1 Survey on sensors and actuators

  14. Material Spectra Examples Notice soil follows a general curve, but moist soil has a lower reflectance. www.microimages.com ECE5320 Mechatronics. Assignment#1 Survey on sensors and actuators

  15. Soil moisture can be detected by the reflectance of the soil Below is a graph of soil reflectance with different moisture contents Material Spectra Examples “Hyperspectral Imaging for UAVs” ECE5320 Mechatronics. Assignment#1 Survey on sensors and actuators

  16. Hyperspectral Imaging Sensor Real-Time Images Frame-rate Small Computer BIL File Image Reconstruction Code Hyperspectral image Hyperspectral Imaging Software GPS, roll, pitch, yaw data Classification, spectra info etc. Sample Configuration Micro-Hyperspec Configuration ECE5320 Mechatronics. Assignment#1 Survey on sensors and actuators

  17. Specifications www.microimages.com Micro-Hyperspec ECE5320 Mechatronics. Assignment#1 Survey on sensors and actuators

  18. Limitations • There are few off the self Hyperspectral imagers available for aerial applications • Typically, the Hyperspectral Imager is application specific • Depends on wavelengths of interest and spectral resolution • Cost is high because the imager is typically a custom build and requires intensive calibration • Hyperspectral Images require either large bandwidth communication or memory ECE5320 Mechatronics. Assignment#1 Survey on sensors and actuators

  19. Alternatives • Panchromatic Imaging • Black and white image sensitive to all wavelengths • Multispectral Imaging • Similar to hyperspectral imaging • Contains less bands (less accurate) www.globalsecurity.org ECE5320 Mechatronics. Assignment#1 Survey on sensors and actuators

  20. Cost • Headwall Photonics • Galileo • Ocean Optics • P&P Optica • McPherson • Price ≈ $15,000 ECE5320 Mechatronics. Assignment#1 Survey on sensors and actuators