Before Reading_Main

Before Reading_Main Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading 1. Warm-up Questions 2. Listen – Retell – Discuss 3. Thomas Jefferson A Brief Introduction to Thomas Jefferson Jefferson’s Chronology The Declaration of Independence Jefferson and the French Revolution

Before Reading_1.1 Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading Warm-up Questions 1. Do you admire any great political figures or statesmen both at home and abroad? Who are they? And why?

Before Reading_1.1 Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading Zhou Enlai was one of the major leaders of the Chinese Communist movement. He was the first premier of the People's Republic of China, a post he held until his death in 1976. He was educated in Japan and Europe and achieved high rank in the Communist movement at an early age. He was well known as a skilled international negotiator. ■

Before Reading_1.2 Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading The Chinese revolutionary leader Sun Yat-sen had a tremendous impact on the development of modern China. Sun was the catalyst in the overthrow of Manchu rule. ■

Before Reading_1.2 Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading As prime minister of Britain during World War II, Churchill roused the British to stand against Nazi Germany. The sight of Churchill, with his cigar and two fingers raised in a "V for victory" salute, inspired Britons to rise to what he called "their finest hour." ■

Before Reading_2 Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading Napoleon Bonaparte was the greatest military genius of the 19th century. He conquered most of Western Europe and Egypt for France, while instituting reforms in these new territories aimed at guaranteeing civil liberties and improving the quality of life. He crowned himself emperor of France in 1804 and introduced reforms intended to unify the revolution-fractured nation. Many of Napoleon's reforms are still in effect today. ■

Before Reading_3.1 Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading 2. Of the American presidents, how many do you know? Can you recognize the people in the following pictures and say something about them?

Before Reading_3.1 Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading George Washington (1732-1799): Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army during the American Revolution, statesman and first President of the United States, born in Westmoreland County, Virginia on February 22, 1732. ■

Before Reading_3.11 Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading Abraham Lincoln (1809-1865): the 16th President of the United States, born on February 12, 1809 in a backwoods cabin three miles south of Hodgenville, Kentucky, preserved the Union during the Civil War and brought about the emancipation of the slaves. ■

Before Reading_3.12 Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading Franklin D. Roosevelt (1882-1945): the 32nd President of the United States; elected four times; instituted New Deal to counter the great depression and led country during World War II. ■

Before Reading_3.13 Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading Bill Clinton (1946-): the 42nd President of the United States (1993-1996) and the first president born after World War II, elected to a second term in 1996. ■

Before Reading_3.14 Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading Listen – Retell – Discuss Directions: How much do you know about Thomas Jefferson's personality? Now listen to a short story about him and then retell and discuss it in small groups. Dirty Farmer? While serving as America's vice president, Thomas Jefferson, dressed in dirty working clothes, entered Baltimore's finest hotel one evening and asked for a room. The owner, a certain Mr. Boyden, turned him away. Soon thereafter Boyden, informed of the identity of his distinguished visitor, promptly dispatched several servants to find him and offer as many rooms as his heart desired. Jefferson, having found a room in another hotel, sent Boyden's representative away with the following message: "Tell Boyden that I value his good intentions highly, but if he has no room for a dirty farmer, he shall have none for the vice president." ■

Before Reading_3.15 Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading A Brief Introduction to Thomas Jefferson Thomas Jefferson (1743-1826) is best remembered as a great President and as the author of the Declaration of Independence. He also won lasting fame as a diplomat, a political thinker, and a founder of the Democratic Party. Jefferson's interests and talents covered an amazing range. He became one of the leading American architects of his time and designed the Virginia Capitol, the University of Virginia, and his own home, Monticello. He greatly appreciated art and music and tried to encourage their advancement in the United States. Jefferson invented a decoding device, a lap desk, and an improved type of moldboard plow. His collection of more than 6400 books became a major part of the Library of Congress. Jefferson revised Virginia's laws and founded its state university. He developed the decimal system of coinage that allows Americans to keep accounts in dollars and cents. ■

Before Reading_3.15 Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading Jefferson did not consider himself a professional politician. Instead, he regarded himself as a public-spirited citizen and a broadminded, practical thinker. He preferred his family, his books, and his farms to public life. But he spent most of his career in public office and made his greatest contribution to his country in the field of politics.

Before Reading_3.16 Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading Jefferson's Chronology Event Date Born at Shadwell, Goochland County (now Albemarle County), Virginia. April 13, 1743 Attended the College of William and Mary, where he studied law. 1762

Before Reading_3.17 Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading Event Date Joined the Virginia colonial legislature. 1769 Began to build a mansion home he designed, called Monticello. 1770 Married a well-to-do widow, Martha Wayles Skelton. They had six children. Only two daughters lived to be adults. 1772

Before Reading_3.18 Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading Event Date Asked by the Continental Congress in Philadelphia to draft the Declaration of Independence. 1776 1776—1779 Represented the state of Virginia at the Continental Congress. 1779—1781 Chosen as the governor of Virginia. His wife Martha died. 1782 1785—1789 Acted as American minister to France.

Before Reading_3.19 Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading Event Event Event Event Date 1789—1793 Served as the nation's first secretary of state under President George Washington. 1797—1801 Served as vice President under John Adams.

Before Reading_3.10.1 Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading Event Date Date 1801—1809 Became the President of the United States. 1819 Founded the University of Virginia.

Before Reading_3.10.2 Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading Event Date July 4, 1826 Died on the 50th anniversary of the Declaration of Independence.

Before Reading_3.10.3 Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading The Declaration of Independence In April 1775, colonists in Massachusetts took up arms against British troops. The American Revolution had begun. The following year, the Continental Congress in Philadelphia asked Jefferson to write a document declaring America's independence from Britain. The Continental Congress approved Jefferson's work with few changes. The Declaration of Independence was adopted on July 4, 1776. The bonds that tied the colonies to Britain were broken. Jefferson wanted the reasons for America's independence stated clearly so the world would understand. He wrote "all men are created equal," with rights to "life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness." Governments are created to secure people's rights. The people could change a government that no longer protected their rights. ■

Before Reading_3.10.3 Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading Jefferson and the French Revolution Jefferson served as minister to France from 1785 to 1789 when revolution was imminent in France. He sympathized with the revolution, feeling it was similar in purpose to the American Revolution. Thanks to his political writings and his legal reforms in Virginia, French reformers regarded Jefferson as a champion of liberty. Marquis de Lafayette, who had fought for America’s Independence, and other advocates of democratic principles often sought his advice. ■

Globe Reading_main Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading 1. Part Division of the Text 2. Questions and Answers 3. Further Understanding for Parts 2~3 Background Information for Some Key Words Table Completion

Globe Reading.1 Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading Part Division of the Text Parts Lines Main Ideas 1 1 — 3 A brief introduction to Thomas Jefferson. 2 4 — 43 Some ideas and principles given by Thomas Jefferson. 3 44 — 62 His talents in many fields and his contribution to USA.

Globe Reading.2-part1.1 Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading Questions and Answers 1. Why is Thomas Jefferson less famous than George Washington and Abraham Lincoln? Washington is well-known for his leadership in the American Independence War. Lincoln is well-known for his role in abolishing slavery in the United States. 2. Why do we associate the name of Thomas Jefferson with the Declaration of Independence? He was the writer of the Declaration of Independence. 3. Why was Jefferson chosen to write the Declaration of Independence? He was a good and tireless writer whose complete works fill more than fifty volumes.

Globe Reading.2-part1.2 Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading 4. What was Jefferson’s attitude towards “people of humble origins”? In a day when few noble persons ever spoke to those of humble origins except to give an order, he went out of his way to talk with gardeners, servants, and waiters, looked into their cooking pots and ate their bread. 5. Why did he insist upon having a free press? A free press could tell the truth. 6. What was the philosophy underlying Jefferson’s determination never to answer his critics? There were two sides to every question. If one took one side with decision and acted on it with effect, those who took the other side would of course resent his actions. So he believed in conflict rather than unquestioning agreement. 7. Why does the author say that American education owes a great debt to Thomas Jefferson? Because Jefferson believed that only a nation of educated people could remain free.

Globe Reading.2-part2 Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading Background Information for Some Key Words The James River is a river, about 547 km (340 m) long, rising in central Virginia and flowing eastward into the Chesapeake Bay. The river is navigable to Richmond for large craft. It was named after James I, King of England from 1603 to 1625. ■

Globe Reading.2-part3 Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading Canoe A canoe is a relatively small boat, typically human-powered, but also commonly sailed. Canoes are pointed at both ends and usually open on top. ■

Globe Reading.2-part2 Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading Marquis de Lafayette Marquis de Lafayette (1757-1834) was a French general and statesman. Born to a wealthy noble family, he was a young man when he sailed to America to help in the American Revolution. He also commanded the National Guard (国民自卫军) and played an important role in the French Revolution. ■

Globe Reading.2-part2 Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading Philadelphia Philadelphia is the largest city of Pennsylvania. Founded in 1682, Philadelphia is known as the Birthplace of the Nation because of its role in America's struggle for independence from Britain. Both the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution of the United States were drafted in the city and signed in Philadelphia's historic Independence Hall. The name Philadelphia was derived from the Greek words meaning “city of brotherly love." Modern Philadelphia has worked hard to become one of the great commercial, cultural, and educational centers in the United States. ■

Globe Reading.2-part2 Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading Table Completion Directions: In these two parts, the writer tells us something about Jefferson’s principles and his contributions to USA. Complete the following table with the information from the text. Attach importance to personal investigation. his attitude to working Learn from ordinary people. his attitude to learning Depend on one’s own judgment. his opinion on judgment Stick to one’s own way. his way of doing things his attitude to the future and the young Be optimistic about the future and the young. 1. an expert in agriculture, archeology and medicine 2. a good and tireless writer 3. a man who made great contribution to American education his contributions to USA

Article Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading Jefferson died long ago, but many of his ideas are still of great interest.

Article1_S Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading Lessons from Jefferson Bruce Bliven Thomas Jefferson, the third President of the United States, may be less famous than George Washington and Abraham Lincoln, but most people remember at least one fact about him: he wrote the Declaration of Independence. Although Jefferson lived more than 200 years ago, there is much that we can learn from him today. Many of his ideas are especially interesting to modern youth. Here are some of the things he said and wrote: Go and see.Jefferson believed that a free man obtains knowledge from many sources besides books and that personal investigation is important. When still a young man, he was appointed to a committee to find out whether the South Branch of the James River was deep enough to be used by large boats. While the other members of the committee sat in the state capitol and studied papers on the subject, Jefferson got into a canoe and made on-the-spot observations.

Article1_W Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading Lessons from Jefferson Bruce Bliven Thomas Jefferson, the third President of the United States, may be less famous than George Washington and Abraham Lincoln, but most people remember at least one fact about him: he wrote the Declaration of Independence. Although Jefferson lived more than 200 years ago, there is much that we can learn from him today. Many of his ideas are especially interesting to modern youth. Here are some of the things he said and wrote: Go and see. Jefferson believed that a free man obtains knowledge from many sources besides books and that personal investigation is important. When still a young man, he was appointed to a committee to find out whether the South Branch of the James River was deep enough to be used by large boats. While the other members of the committee sat in the state capitol and studied papers on the subject, Jefferson got into a canoe and made on-the-spot observations.

Article1_S Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading Lessons from Jefferson Bruce Bliven Thomas Jefferson, the third President of the United States, may be less famous than George Washington and Abraham Lincoln, but most people remember at least one fact about him: he wrote the Declaration of Independence. Although Jefferson lived more than 200 years ago, there is much that we can learn from him today. Many of his ideas are especially interesting to modern youth. Here are some of the things he said and wrote: What does this sentence imply? He is a person of foresight. Many of his ideas are not out of date. Go and see.Jefferson believed that a free man obtains knowledge from many sources besides books and that personal investigation is important. When still a young man, he was appointed to a committee to find out whether the South Branch of the James River was deep enough to be used by large boats. While the other members of the committee sat in the state capitol and studied papers on the subject, Jefferson got into a canoe and made on-the-spot observations.

Article1_S Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading Lessons from Jefferson Bruce Bliven 1. Explain the grammatical structure of the sentence. Thomas Jefferson, the third President of the United States, may be less famous than George Washington and Abraham Lincoln, but most people remember at least one fact about him: he wrote the Declaration of Independence. Although Jefferson lived more than 200 years ago, there is much that we can learn from him today. Many of his ideas are especially interesting to modern youth. Here are some of the things he said and wrote: 1) 主句Jefferson believed 为一般过去时，而后面从句却用了一般现在时，说明叙述的内容为人们普遍接受的客观道理。 2) 谓语动词的believed引导两个由that引导的宾语从句, 在非正式文体中，引导第一个宾语从句的that一般可省略，第二个则不能省略，以免引起歧义。 An Example: The boys learned yesterday that the planets are circling about the sun. Go and see.Jefferson believed that a free man obtains knowledge from many sources besides books and that personal investigation is important. When still a young man, he was appointed to a committee to find out whether the South Branch of the James River was deep enough to be used by large boats. While the other members of the committee sat in the state capitol and studied papers on the subject, Jefferson got into a canoe and made on-the-spot observations. More Examples: I understand (that) you have studied Chinese, and that you have written Chinese poetry. She denied (that) she had seen the man and that she had been in touch with him. 2. Translate the sentence into Chinese. 杰斐逊认为，一个自由的人除了从书本中获取知识外，还可以从许多别的来源获得知识；他认为，亲自作调查是很重要的。

Article1_S Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading Lessons from Jefferson Bruce Bliven Thomas Jefferson, the third President of the United States, may be less famous than George Washington and Abraham Lincoln, but most people remember at least one fact about him: he wrote the Declaration of Independence. Although Jefferson lived more than 200 years ago, there is much that we can learn from him today. Many of his ideas are especially interesting to modern youth. Here are some of the things he said and wrote: What’s the function of “while” in this sentence? Here “while” means “whereas”, introducing sth. different. More Examples: Jane was dressed in brown while Mary was dressed in blue. You like sports, while I’d rather read. Go and see.Jefferson believed that a free man obtains knowledge from many sources besides books and that personal investigation is important. When still a young man, he was appointed to a committee to find out whether the South Branch of the James River was deep enough to be used by large boats. While the other members of the committee sat in the state capitol and studied papers on the subject, Jefferson got into a canoe and made on-the-spot observations.

Article1_W_obtain1 Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading Lessons from Jefferson obtain: vt. get through effort Bruce Bliven I obtained this record for you with difficulty. Thomas Jefferson, the third President of the United States, may be less famous than George Washington and Abraham Lincoln, but most people remember at least one fact about him: he wrote the Declaration of Independence. Although Jefferson lived more than 200 years ago, there is much that we can learn from him today. Many of his ideas are especially interesting to modern youth. Here are some of the things he said and wrote: 你可以从当地图书馆得到有关签证和护照的信息。 Information about visas and passports can be obtained from your local library. get, obtain, achieve & acquire 这些动词均有“得到，获得，取得”的意思。 CF: get 是最常用、最口语化的词。可以指以任何方式得到某物（积极主动或消极被动），并不强调通过预先的或主观的努力，与具体名词和抽象名词均可搭配。 obtain 为正式用语，指经过长时间的努力或有计划的行动而得到所希望得到的东西或达到预定的目标。 achieve表示克服困难之后取得成功或实现预期目标。 acquire指经过一定努力或一定过程，使原有的东西获得更多，并成为永久所有；也指一点点地慢慢地通过长期不懈的努力而获得诸如知识、才干、良好习惯等。常与抽象名词搭配。 Go and see. Jefferson believed that a free man obtains knowledge from many sources besides books and that personal investigation is important. When still a young man, he was appointed to a committee to find out whether the South Branch of the James River was deep enough to be used by large boats. While the other members of the committee sat in the state capitol and studied papers on the subject, Jefferson got into a canoe and made on-the-spot observations.

Article1_W_obtain2 Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading Lessons from Jefferson Bruce Bliven Exercise: Fill in the blanks with the words above. Change the form where necessary. Thomas Jefferson, the third President of the United States, may be less famous than George Washington and Abraham Lincoln, but most people remember at least one fact about him: he wrote the Declaration of Independence. Although Jefferson lived more than 200 years ago, there is much that we can learn from him today. Many of his ideas are especially interesting to modern youth. Here are some of the things he said and wrote: 1. She finally her ambition to visit China. achieved _______ 2. First editions of these books are now almost impossible to . obtain _____ get 3. It usually takes four years toa degree at a university. ___ achieved _______ 4. I've been working all day, but I feel as if I've nothing. Go and see. Jefferson believed that a free man obtains knowledge from many sources besides books and that personal investigation is important. When still a young man, he was appointed to a committee to find out whether the South Branch of the James River was deep enough to be used by large boats. While the other members of the committee sat in the state capitol and studied papers on the subject, Jefferson got into a canoe and made on-the-spot observations. obtain _____ 5. They realized that only through struggle could they their rights. 6. It took him a long time to the skills he needed to become a professional artist. _______ acquire

Article1_W_source Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading Lessons from Jefferson source: n. place from which sth. comes; place where a river starts Bruce Bliven They get their money from various sources. Thomas Jefferson, the third President of the United States, may be less famous than George Washington and Abraham Lincoln, but most people remember at least one fact about him: he wrote the Declaration of Independence. Although Jefferson lived more than 200 years ago, there is much that we can learn from him today. Many of his ideas are especially interesting to modern youth. Here are some of the things he said and wrote: 莱茵河的源头在哪里？ Where does the Rhine have its source? CF: source & origin 这两个名词均有“根源，起因”之意。 source原指“水源”，转义指事物的“根源，起因或出处”。例如： origin指事物起始于某时或某处，或由其产生另一事，即“起源，起因，由来”，有时也指“出身，血统”。例如： Is the water polluted at source or further downstream? Go and see. Jefferson believed that a free man obtains knowledge from many sources besides books and that personal investigation is important. When still a young man, he was appointed to a committee to find out whether the South Branch of the James River was deep enough to be used by large boats. While the other members of the committee sat in the state capitol and studied papers on the subject, Jefferson got into a canoe and made on-the-spot observations. 河水是在源头还是在流出之后受到污染的? That well is the source of all the cases of infection. 所有这些传染病都是由那口井引发的. The origins of some words are unknown. 这些词的起源不为人所知。 He never forgot his humble origins. 他从未忘记过自己出身卑微。

Article1_W_personal Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading Lessons from Jefferson Bruce Bliven Thomas Jefferson, the third President of the United States, may be less famous than George Washington and Abraham Lincoln, but most people remember at least one fact about him: he wrote the Declaration of Independence. Although Jefferson lived more than 200 years ago, there is much that we can learn from him today. Many of his ideas are especially interesting to modern youth. Here are some of the things he said and wrote: personal: adj. done in person; belonging to a person The manager will make a personal visit to the supermarket. 这是个人爱好问题。 It’s a matter of personal preference. Collocation: Go and see. Jefferson believed that a free man obtains knowledge from many sources besides books and that personal investigation is important. When still a young man, he was appointed to a committee to find out whether the South Branch of the James River was deep enough to be used by large boats. While the other members of the committee sat in the state capitol and studied papers on the subject, Jefferson got into a canoe and made on-the-spot observations. personal affairs 私事 a personal letter 私人信件 a personal problem 个人隐私问题 personal call 亲自拜访

Article1_W_appoint Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading Lessons from Jefferson voyage appoint: vt. choose (someone) for a position, job, etc. Bruce Bliven Who will be appointed to the chairmanship when Mr. White leaves? Thomas Jefferson, the third President of the United States, may be less famous than George Washington and Abraham Lincoln, but most people remember at least one fact about him: he wrote the Declaration of Independence. Although Jefferson lived more than 200 years ago, there is much that we can learn from him today. Many of his ideas are especially interesting to modern youth. Here are some of the things he said and wrote: The company has appointed a new sales director. Pattern: appoint sb. as appoint sb. (to do) sth. appoint sb. to (a job, post, position, etc.) CF: appoint & name 这两个动词均有“任命，委任”之意。 Go and see. Jefferson believed that a free man obtains knowledge from many sources besides books and that personal investigation is important. When still a young man, he was appointed to a committee to find out whether the South Branch of the James River was deep enough to be used by large boats. While the other members of the committee sat in the state capitol and studied papers on the subject, Jefferson got into a canoe and made on-the-spot observations. appoint通常指不经过选择的官方委任。例如： name 普通用词，着重任命的结果，而不是过程。例如： He was appointed to the vacant post. 他被委派填补那空缺。 We must appoint somebody to act as secretary. 我们得指定一个人当秘书。 He was named captain of the team. 他被任命为队长。

Article1_W_on the spot Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading Lessons from Jefferson Bruce Bliven on the spot: at the place of action Thomas Jefferson, the third President of the United States, may be less famous than George Washington and Abraham Lincoln, but most people remember at least one fact about him: he wrote the Declaration of Independence. Although Jefferson lived more than 200 years ago, there is much that we can learn from him today. Many of his ideas are especially interesting to modern youth. Here are some of the things he said and wrote: Whenever she's needed, she's quickly on the spot. The police were called and they were on the spot within three minutes. Go and see. Jefferson believed that a free man obtains knowledge from many sources besides books and that personal investigation is important. When still a young man, he was appointed to a committee to find out whether the South Branch of the James River was deep enough to be used by large boats. While the other members of the committee sat in the state capitol and studied papers on the subject, Jefferson got into a canoe and made on-the-spot observations.

Article2_S Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading You can learn from everyone. By birth and by education Jefferson belonged to the highest social class.Yet, in a day when few noble persons ever spoke to those of humble origins except to give an order, Jefferson went out of his way to talk with gardeners, servants, and waiters. Jefferson once said to the French nobleman, Lafayette, “You must go into the people’s homes as I have done, look into their cooking pots and eat their bread. If you will only do this, you may find out why people are dissatisfied and understand the revolution that is threatening France.”

Article2_w Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading You can learn from everyone. By birth and by education Jefferson belonged to the highest social class. Yet, in a day when few noble persons ever spoke to those of humble origins except to give an order, Jefferson went out of his way to talk with gardeners, servants, and waiters. Jefferson once said to the French nobleman, Lafayette, “You must go into the people’s homes as I have done, look into their cooking pots and eat their bread. If you will only do this, you may find out why people are dissatisfied and understand the revolution that is threatening France.”

Article2_S_1 Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading You can learn from everyone. By birth and by education Jefferson belonged to the highest social class.Yet, in a day when few noble persons ever spoke to those of humble origins except to give an order, Jefferson went out of his way to talk with gardeners, servants, and waiters. Jefferson once said to the French nobleman, Lafayette, “You must go into the people’s homes as I have done, look into their cooking 1. Paraphrase the sentence. Judging by his family and educational background, Jefferson was a member of the group with top social status. 2. Translate the sentence into Chinese. 按出身及其所受的教育，杰斐逊均属于最高的社会阶层。 pots and eat their bread. If you will only do this, you may find out why people are dissatisfied and understand the revolution that is threatening France.”

Article2_S_2 Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading You can learn from everyone. By birth and by education Jefferson belonged to the highest social class.Yet, in a day when few noble persons ever spoke to those of humble origins except to give an order, Jefferson went out of his way to talk with gardeners, servants, and waiters. Jefferson once said to the French nobleman, Lafayette, “You must go into the people’s homes as I have done, look into their cooking 1. What’s the implied meaning of the sentence? The noble persons thought they were superior and looked down upon the people of humble origins and regarded talking with those people as degrading. But sometimes they had to because they had to order those people to do things for them. 2. Translate the sentence into Chinese. 然而，在那个贵族除了发号施令以外很少跟出身卑贱的人说话的年代，杰斐逊却想尽办法跟园丁、仆人和侍者交谈。 pots and eat their bread. If you will only do this, you may find out why people are dissatisfied and understand the revolution that is threatening France.”

Article2_S_3 Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading You can learn from everyone. By birth and by education Jefferson belonged to the highest social class.Yet, in a day when few noble persons ever spoke to those of humble origins except to give an order, Jefferson went out of his way to talk with gardeners, servants, and waiters. Jefferson once said to the French nobleman, Lafayette, “You must go into the people’s homes as I have done, look into their cooking What’s the grammatical function of “if you will only do this”? 一般说来，if引导的条件状语从句中表示将来用一般现在时，而不用将来时，但这里的will不是将来时，而表示一种现在的意图、意愿、决心等。 An Example: If you will give up smoking, your health will improve. pots and eat their bread. If you will only do this, you may find out why people are dissatisfied and understand the revolution that is threatening France.”

Article2_w_by birth Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading You can learn from everyone. By birth and by education Jefferson belonged to the highest social class. Yet, in a day when few noble persons ever spoke to those of humble origins except to give an order, Jefferson went out of his way to talk with gardeners, servants, and waiters. Jefferson once said to the French nobleman, Lafayette, “You must go into the people’s homes as I have done, look into their cooking by birth: so far as family origin or nationality is concerned My parents are both Indian by birth, but they have American citizenship. He is British by birth, although he was born in France. NB: birth除了与by 搭配构成短语by birth以外，常见的短语还有： give birth “生孩子；产仔”give birth to“生（孩子）；产生；引起” pots and eat their bread. If you will only do this, you may find out why people are dissatisfied and understand the revolution that is threatening France.”

Article2_w_humble Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading humble: adj. 1) low in position You can learn from everyone. By birth and by education Jefferson belonged to the highest social class. Yet, in a day when few noble persons ever spoke to those of humble origins except to give an order, Jefferson went out of his way to talk with gardeners, servants, and waiters. Jefferson once said to the French nobleman, Lafayette, “You must go into the people’s homes as I have done, look into their cooking Even when she became rich and famous, she never forgot her humble background. 学校为出身贫贱的孩子提供了很好的教育。 The school had provided a good education for children of humble backgrounds. 2) having a modest opinion of oneself In my humble opinion，we should never have bought the car in the first place. pots and eat their bread. If you will only do this, you may find out why people are dissatisfied and understand the revolution that is threatening France.”

Before Reading_Main