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Microbiology

Microbiology. What is the objective of this unit?. To summarize the basic characteristics of viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites relating to the spread, treatment and prevention of disease. Microbiology. microbiology - the study of microbes

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Microbiology

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  1. Microbiology

  2. What is the objective of this unit? • To summarize the basic characteristics of viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites relating to the spread, treatment and prevention of disease.

  3. Microbiology • microbiology - the study of microbes • Microbes – organisms that can only be seen under a microscope ...this is what happens when you leave beef (L) or chicken (R) on the counter: it grows E. coli, Salmonella, and Shigella!

  4. Bacteria • Bacteria are… • … prokaryotic organisms ( the smallest living thing) • Where do they live? • Soil, Radioactive waste, Water, Plants, Humans, Deep in the earth's crust, Arctic ice, Glaciers, Hot springs, The stratosphere (between 6 to 30 miles up in the atmosphere), Ocean depths

  5. Classifying Bacteria • How do we classify bacteria? • By 3 different shapes • Spherical Usually the simplest ones. These bacteria are called cocci (singular coccus). • Rod shaped These are known as bacilli (singular bacillus). • SpiralThese are known as spirilla(singular spirillus).

  6. Diseases CAUSED BY BACTERIA • Common bacterial diseases • leprosy, tetanus, syphilis, typhoid fever, strep throat, salmonella, whooping cough

  7. Bacteria Movie questions • Infectious disease is the _______ highest cause for death in the US. • Less than ______ % of all bacteria cause disease. • Bacteria are the _________living thing on earth. • Some bacteria divide every ______ minutes. • Our bodies have more bacteria than _______.

  8. viruses • A virus is… • … a microscopic disease causing agent • They are NOT made up of cells • Made of a protective wall with DNA inside it

  9. Life Qualifications Review • made of cells containing DNA • respond to stimuli • take in energy and export waste • reproduce • grow • ( self propelled movement)

  10. Viruses • Are they alive? • Yes - • Reproduce • No - • Don’t eat or produce waste, are not made of cells, need a host

  11. Diseases Caused by viruses • Childhood diseases… • Chicken Pox, small pox, yellow fever, warts • Other diseases … • Colds, Influenza (the flu), meningitis, west nile, ebola

  12. Virus Video Questions • The unsuspecting cell has been tricked into taking the virus to its __________, where more viruses will be made. • One virus can make up to 1 _________ copies from 1 cell.

  13. How do we treat Viruses? • What does NOT work on viruses? • Vaccines are used to prevent diseases from viruses (and some bacteria) • What type of vaccines do you know of? 6th = tet, diphtheria, whooping cough

  14. Disease Practice

  15. VEctors • What is a vector? • Animal disease spreaders that don’t catch the illness • They carry infectious disease (can be passed from one generation to the next) • Examples… • Rats, ticks, and mosquitoes

  16. Studying disease • What do scientists study? • Microbial pathogens – disease causing agents • Examples? • Virus, Bacteria, Parasite

  17. Studying Disease • How do they study pathogens? • Computer modeling, cell cultures, animals, clinical trials Flu Spread Model Top = no intervention Bottom = vaccines given

  18. Where Is your line? • Flea • Fly • Mouse • Rat • Frog • Rabbit • Cat • Dog • Monkey

  19. Spreading of disease • How are diseases spread? • What happens when they spread rapidly? • Epidemic • a disease that is wide spread in a particular area  Ex : • Pandemic • An epidemic that spreads over a wide area  Ex : Countries reporting the plague

  20. Epidemic and Pandemic • An epidemic may be localized to a small region but the number of people affected may be very, very large compared to what is "expected". In this case, it can be called a pandemic even if its geographical spread is not very large. For example, let us say that a disease has an "expected" rate of infection of 15%. When 40% of the population of a state is infected, we have an epidemic on our hands. When 75% of the population is infected, it has reached pandemic proportions.

  21. EOG PRACTICE • How do viruses compare to bacteria? A. they are both living B. they are always spherical in shape C. viruses are much bigger D. viruses are much smaller

  22. Eog practice • How are parasites and viruses similar? A Both are contagious diseases. B Both infect host organisms. C Both reproduce using host cells D Both break down food using oxygen

  23. Chicken pox • 1. The name of the disease I am studying is chicken pox. It gets its name from the way it looks like the bumps on a chicken’s skin. • 2. A virus causes chicken pox. • 3. The symptoms of this disease are first a fever, headache, stomach ache, and then small itchy spots appear on your skin. • 4. It is transmitted through the air or by physical contact. • 5. You are not likely to catch it because most people get vaccinated for it, or have already had it.

  24. Vocab game • Think water… • Think ocean water… • Think percentages… • Sounds Like: “To Infinity and Beyond”-Buzz L. • Think ratio of salt in water… • SALINITY!

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