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Enzymes

Enzymes. Aim : What role do enzymes play in living things? Do Now : Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins. Draw the structure of an amino acid and identify each part. Identify the process by which individual amino acids are linked by peptide bonds to form a polypeptide chain. .

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Enzymes

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  1. Enzymes

  2. Aim: What role do enzymes play in living things? • Do Now: • Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins. Draw the structure of an amino acid and identify each part. • Identify the process by which individual amino acids are linked by peptide bonds to form a polypeptide chain.

  3. Enzymes • Special kinds of proteins that INCREASE the rate (speed) of chemical reactions within living cells. • By lowering the energy needed to start a chemical reaction (activation energy). • Found free in cell’s cytoplasm, or as part of cell membranes and organelles.

  4. Many Enzymes With Specific Names • End in “-ase.” The rest of the name usually comes from the name of the substrate being acted on.

  5. Three Factors affecting enzymes • Temperature • pH • Substrate/enzyme concentration (amount of substrates or enzymes)

  6. Enzymes • They are catalysts (speed up reactions without being changed or destroyed). • Act on specific substances called substrates. • Each type of enzyme has a unique 3D shape which determines the substrate it can bind to.

  7. Enzyme-Substrate Complex • Substrate fits into a region of a specific enzyme called the enzyme’s active site. • Very specific (like a lock & key). In the active site, bonds are formed/broken in the substrate(s) to make a product.

  8. Enzyme Action Q: Is a bond formed or broken to create the product seen above?

  9. Enzyme Action

  10. Identify the enzyme and substrate in the example below.

  11. Stop

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