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Exploring Earth's Four Forest Biomes: Characteristics and Locations

This concise review outlines the four forest biomes: Temperate Grassland, Savanna, Tundra, and Desert. Each biome's location, key characteristics, and notable flora and fauna are discussed. The Temperate Grassland, found in North America and Asia, features fertile soil and supports diverse wildlife, while the Savanna, located in Africa and Australia, showcases drought-resistant plants and large herbivores. Tundra, prevalent in Arctic regions, is characterized by permafrost and resilient mosses. Desert biomes, including Tropical and Temperate, exhibit unique adaptations to low rainfall.

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Exploring Earth's Four Forest Biomes: Characteristics and Locations

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  1. Quick Review: • What are the four forest biomes? • Where are they found? • Give at least one characteristic of each!

  2. Terrestrial Biomes 1. Temperate Grassland • Interior of North America (prairies), South America & Asia • Moderate rainfall, but too little for trees • Lightning-caused fires in summer • Root systems form dense layers to survive drought & fire • Soil is very fertile!

  3. Animals: antelope, bison, badgers, prairie dogs, burrowing owls, hawks • Threats: farming & overgrazing  soil erosion • Dust bowl 1930s

  4. 2. Savanna (tropical grassland) • Parts of Africa, South America, India, & Australia • Rain falls in spring & late-fall; drought in between • Plants: adapted to survive drought • Lose leaves; body parts die off except for near ground • Large, horizontal root system to collect water

  5. Animals: lots of big herbivores • Elephants, giraffe, antelopes, zebra, wildebeest, rhinos • Predators: lions, cheetahs, hyenas, crocs, snakes

  6. 3. Tundra • Found in northern arctic regions • Winters too cold & dry for trees to grow • Haspermafrost: permanently frozen soil layer • Plants: mosses & lichens • Dwarf shrubs – keeps plants out of wind & increased area for sunlight

  7. Animals: mosquitoes!, migratory birds, caribou, wolves, moose, mice, hares, foxes, polar bear • Threats: oil – pollution & habitat destruction

  8. Desert Biomes Desert = Low Precipitation 1. Tropical Desert • Ex: Sahara desert in Africa • Temperature changes during day: 100F + in day to cool at night; daytime temps hot all year long • Very few plants

  9. 2. Temperate Desert • North & South America, Asia, Australia • Daytime temps high in summer, low in winter • Plants: adapted to obtaining & conserving H2O • Cacti: thick, fleshy stems that store water; leaves have waxy cuticle

  10. Desert cont. • Animals: some mammals, snakes, lizards, tortoises • Have thick skin to prevent water loss • Amphibians burrow & go dormant during “dry” season • Most are nocturnal

  11. 3. Cold Desert • Ex: China’s Gobi Desert • Winters are quite cold, summers are warm/hot • Animals: lizards, gazelle, bactrian camel

  12. Bill, Bob and Bubba Tundra Taiga Temperate Deciduous Forest Grasslands Desert Rain Forest

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