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The Setting

The Setting. What’s your image of the Japanese landscape?. One of these?. Something like these?. Or something like these?. Or maybe even something like this?. Japan is all those landscapes; A long and varied chain of islands. Where do the Japanese live?

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The Setting

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  1. The Setting

  2. What’s your image of the Japanese landscape? One of these?

  3. Something like these?

  4. Or something like these?

  5. Or maybe even something like this?

  6. Japan is all those landscapes; A long and varied chain of islands. Where do the Japanese live? How many people can this land support?

  7. How has Japan’s:natural environment,natural resources,and isolationinfluenced the development of its : • Culture, Economy, Politics • Balance of group orientation, individual expression, and universal values • Processes of change and continuity

  8. The Land • Physical landscape • Climate • Vegetation and wildlife • Natural Hazards • The Japanese and Nature

  9. Physical Landscape • Islands: Honshu, Hokkaido, Kyushu, Shikoku and thousands more • Mountains: 70% • Plains: coastal, floodplain, mountain valleys

  10. Kinki Region: Osaka plain and Kyoto Basin Chubu Region: Nagoya in the Nobi plain

  11. Climate • Sub-arctic to sub-tropical temperatures • Snow on the back, sunshine on the front • Monsoons based precipitation • The typhoons that miss Hong Kong

  12. Vegetation • Mixed natural forests • Monoculture of artificial forests

  13. Natural Hazards • Floods and Landslides • Earthquakes and Tsunamis • Volcanoes • Cold and Snow

  14. The Great Tokyo Earthquake of 1923

  15. The Japanese and Nature • Religious inspiration • Aesthetic appreciation • Economic and political consequences • Environmental destruction and rehabilitation

  16. Religious Inspiration

  17. Aesthetic Appreciation

  18. Environmental Destruction

  19. EnvironmentalRehabilitation

  20. Agriculture and Natural Resources • Agriculture • Natural Resources • Space

  21. Why do people form groups?

  22. Agriculture • Rice • A basis of the diet • A basis of cooperative organization • A symbol of identity and self-understanding • Other traditional crops • Diversification

  23. An Agricultural Product A Basis of the Diet A Form of Organization

  24. Sharing Land & Cooperating on its Maintenance

  25. Cooperative Organization Built over Centuries

  26. Edo Period 1700’s 1960’s Now Soil Preparation Mar-Apr. Seedling Preparation Mar-Apr.

  27. Planting Apr-May Irrigation, weed and pest control May-Sept.

  28. Harvesting

  29. Other Traditional Crops& Diversification

  30. Natural Resources • Water and beauty in quantity • Enough minerals and fuels for beginnings of industry • Wood and stone in sufficient supply • The new recreational resources

  31. The new recreational resources

  32. Space • Centralized political and administrative control of space • Government controlled transport and communication • Industrial concentration • Urban congestion

  33. Government Administered Space

  34. Government controlled transport and communication

  35. Symbols of Continuity and Change • Food • Villages in the country and the city

  36. Continuity and Change in Food

  37. Old Villages And New

  38. Isolation • Homogenization: a mix of several peoples • Exclusion • Ainu, Burakumin, Koreans, Okinawans, New Immigrants • Reaching out

  39. Japan’s Geographic Isolation

  40. Summing up • Landscape restrictions on where and how the Japanese could live • Development of strong bonds with natural environment • Development of cooperative groups to make best out of environment • Concentration in plains increased by transportation, economic and political factors • Isolation led to strong, and somewhat exclusive identity, but also need to reach out

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