Understanding Living Organisms: The Animal and Plant Kingdoms

1. Classificationof living organisms

2. The Kingdoms All living things are divided into 5 kingdoms: • Prokaryotes - Single celled organisms.

3. The Kingdoms All living things are divided into 5 kingdoms: 1. Prokaryotes - Single celled organisms. 2. Protoctista

4. The Kingdoms All living things are divided into 5 kingdoms: 1. Prokaryotes - Single celled organisms. 2. Protoctista 3. Fungi

5. The Kingdoms All living things are divided into 5 kingdoms: 1. Prokaryotes - Single celled organisms. 2. Protoctista 3. Fungi 4. Plants

6. The Kingdoms All living things are divided into 5 kingdoms: 1. Prokaryotes - Single celled organisms. 2. Protoctista 3. Fungi 4. Plants 5. Animals

7. The Animal kingdom We will often focus on Invertebrates. Invertebrates make up 97% of all animal species (the other 3% are mammals, birds, fish, reptiles & amphibians). This means there are a lot of different species to identify! However, we can sort them into smaller groups called classes and then into orders.

8. The invertebrates we are likely to find fall into 6 classes: • Crustaceans • Arachnids • Molluscs • Worms • Myriapods • Insects Use the information cards to sort the invertebrates into their different classes.

9. Invertebrate Facts • About 75% of all species described are invertebrates • It is estimated that 10,000,000,000,000,000,000 (or ten million, million, million) individual invertebrates are on the planet at any one time. • An average brood of Great Tit chicks will consume around 120,000 caterpillars whilst they are in the nest • 1 in 3 mouthfuls of food contain insect pollinated products. • Malaria kills one person every 12 seconds

10. The Plant kingdom We will often focus on Flowering Plants. These can be divided into two groups: *Those with a vascular system of phloem and xylem and true roots. * Those without - usually smaller plants with gaseous exchange across membranes and through pores and fibrous rhizoids rather than roots.

11. The Plant kingdom Vascular: * Ferns * Conifers * Flowering Plants Non-vascular * Mosses * Liverworts

12. Plant Facts • 400,000 Plant species worldwide • 20% of UK Flora is threatened • Plants provide the photosynthetic pathways that capture sunlight energy for our food chains • Plant science inform agriculture, conservation, horticulture and environmental issues.

13. The Classification System Kingdom - largest, most diverse Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species-smallest, least diverse Increasingly specific

14. Crustaceans • Shell-like exoskeleton • Variable number of body segments • Antennae • 14 legs • No wings

15. Worms • No exoskeleton • Lots of body segments • No antennae • No legs • No wings

16. Arachnids • Exoskeleton • 2 body segments • No antennae • 8 legs • No wings

17. Molluscs • No exoskeleton • 1 Body segment • Eyes on tentacles • No legs • No wings

18. Myriapods • Exoskeleton • Lots of body segments • Antennae • At least 14 legs • No wings

19. Insects • Exoskeleton • 3 Body segments • Antennae • 6 legs • 2 or 4 wings

20. We can divide the insects into smaller groups called orders: • Butterflies & Moths (Lepidoptera) • Lacewings (Neuroptera) • Dragonflies & Damselflies (Odonata) • Bugs (Hemiptera) • Beetles (Coleoptera) • Flies (Diptera) • Bees, ants & wasps (Hymenoptera)

21. The Classification System Kingdom - largest, most diverse Phylum eg Arthropoda Class eg Insecta Order eg Coleoptera Family eg Carabidae Genus eg Carabus Species-eg Carabus nitens