Goal 1, 2 and 3.01/3.02 Review

1. Goal 1, 2 and 3.01/3.02 Review

2. Review Breakdown • First half of class: independent activities/document-based questions • Second half of class: Review games • Final States and Capitals quiz

3. Independent Practice • Activity #1: Create a T-chart comparing the Anti-Federalist and Federalist parties. • Your T-charts should include information about: • Party leaders • Beliefs on the Constitution, the Bill of Rights, and the Alien and Sedition Acts • Which type of government should have the most power?

4. Unit 1 Essential Questions • 1) How did the U.S. government emerge out of competing processes of conflict and compromise? • 2) How effective were the political, social and economic institutions of the emerging republic in creating a democratic foundation for the United States? • 3) How did the U.S. confront internal and international conflicts during this era? • 4) How does a nation’s involvement in international conflicts affect its identity?

5. Independent Practice • First, explain how nationalism and sectionalism are different. • Then create a T Chart comparing events that led to nationalism and sectionalism from 1812 – 1860. • Terms to use AND explain: • American System, War of 1812, Slavery, spoils system, Monroe Doctrine, McCulloch v. Maryland, and Art and Literature from this time period.

6. Essential Questions

7. Goal 1: Political Parties, the Constitution, and the War of 1812

8. 1 Point • 1) In what way did George Washington attempt to influence U.S. politics in his Farewell Address? • a. He recommended a two-year term limit for the office of president. • b. He appointed himself commander of the Continental Army. • c. He warned against foreign entanglements. • d. He appointed his vice president, John Adams, to the presidency.

9. 1 Point • 2) What was the main foreign policy problem for the United States immediately before the War of 1812? • a. Violations of the neutrality of American ships • b. Refusal of France to sell the Louisiana Territory to the United States • c. Closing of the port of New Orleans by the Spanish • d. Attempts by the British to invade the United States from Canada

10. 1 Point • 3) Which of the following was NOT part of Alexander Hamilton’s Economic Plan? • An excise tax on whiskey • A national bank • The removal of all tariffs • The federal government absorbs the states’ debts from the American Revolution

11. 1 Point • In the United States prior to 1820, which was the primary conflict between white settlers and American Indians? • a. Conversion to Catholicism • b. Use of land • c. Navigation of the Mississippi River • d. Protection of animals

12. 1 Point • 5) What qualifications did states generally require for voting in the United States prior to 1820? • Religious affliation • Property ownership • Immigration status • Political party membership

13. 2 Points • 6) Why did Thomas Jefferson oppose Alexander Hamilton’s plan to establish the National Bank? • a. Jefferson believed that establishing the National Bank unfairly benefited western land speculators. • b. Jefferson worried that establishing the National Bank would be expensive and would delay congressional funding to purchase the Louisiana Territory. • c. Jefferson feared that establishing the National Bank made it easier for local banks to foreclose on small farms. • d. Jefferson felt that establishing the National Bank was an unconstitutional act that unnecessarily strengthened federal power.

14. 2 Points • 7) Which of the following statements is true regarding the Federalist and Democratic-Republican parties? • Thomas Jefferson led the Federalists, and Alexander Hamilton led the Democratic-Republicans. • The Democratic-Republicans were led by Jefferson and believed in a strict interpretation of the Constitution; Hamilton and the Federalists believed in a loose interpretation of the Constitution. • The Federalists believed that the U.S. must have a strong agricultural economy, while the Democratic-Republicans favored big businesses. • George Washington favored Jefferson’s Democratic-Republicans views more than Hamilton’s Federalist ones.

15. 2 Points • 8) Which of the following was NOT a reason for the War of 1812? • U.S. citizens were outraged over the XYZ affair. • U.S. citizens and leaders were fed up with the impressment of U.S. soldiers by the British. • Certain U.S. leaders hoped to gain more territory for the U.S. • Many western settlers blamed Great Britain for encouraging Native American resistance to westward expansion.

16. 3 Points • 9) What was the intent of the Embargo Act and why did it fail? • It was meant to help Great Britain in its war with France without requiring U.S. troops to fight in the conflict, but it failed because the U.S. became involved with the fighting anyways. • It was a response to the insult of the “XYZ Affair” but it failed because the U.S. did not have the military strength to back up its actions. • It was meant to avoid war by forbidding trade between the U.S. and all foreign nations, thus stopping the impressment of U.S. sailors. It failed because it had little effect on Great Britain and hurt the U.S. economy. • It was meant to keep the French and British from establishing future colonies in the Western Hemisphere, but it failed because Great Britain’s navy was too powerful.

17. 3 Points • 10) In the following quote from a letter written by Abagail Adams to her husband, John Adams, what is she advocating? • “Remember the ladies…(women) will not hold ourselves bound by any laws in which we have no voice or representation.” • women’s suffrage • The right of women to hold political office • The need for men to treat their wives more kindly • The right of women to join political parties

18. Goal 2: Expansion, Nationalism and Sectionalism

19. 1 Point • 1) Which best explains the objective of the Lewis and Clark expedition? • a. To become the first Americans to navigate the Rio Grande River • b. To destroy the power of American Indians along the Missouri River • c. To defeat the French and take control of the Louisiana Territory for the United States • d. To map and explore the territory of the Louisiana Purchase

20. 1 Point • 2) Which person is most associated with education reform? • a. Horace Mann • b. Lucretia Mott • c. Theodore Weld • d. Elizabeth Stanton

21. 1 Point • 3) Each of the following was a point of tension between the North and the South prior to the Civil War EXCEPT: • a. The issue of slavery • b. Agrarian economy versus the industrial economy • c. State rights versus the power of the federal government • d. The belief that the Constitution was the ultimate law of the land.

22. 2 Points • 4) In what way did William Lloyd Garrison’s The Liberator increase sectional tensions in the antebellum United States? • a. Garrison insisted that westward expansion would destroy the traditional culture of America. • b. Garrison supported the institution of slavery because he argued that slaves had a better living standard than workers in northern cities. • c. Garrison insisted that the values of western farmers were superior to those in the East. • d. Garrison angered southern slave owners by condemning slavery on moral grounds and demanding immediate emancipation and racial equality.

23. 2 Points • 5) Why were the novels by James Fennimore Cooper (Last of the Mohicans, etc.) considered the first novels to reflect a truly U.S. culture? • a. Cooper’s style reminded people of European authors as he wrote about many of the same themes. • b. Cooper portrayed the frontier and themes distinct to those living in the U.S. • c. Cooper was the first to produce a publish piece of fiction after the Revolutionary War. • d. Cooper wrote about figures in U.S. society, like Washington and Jefferson.

24. 2 Points • 6) What Christian belief most specifically applied to the abolitionist movement? • a. All people are equal in the eyes of God with an equal right to liberty. • b. Believers should attend church services. • c. People should observe the Sabbath. • d. Jesus was resurrected.

25. 2 Points • 7) Of the following, which is an example of the spoils system put in place by Andrew Jackson? • a. A loyal supporter receives special consideration when it comes to legislation that the president intends to push through Congress. • b. A loyal supporter is given a position in government as a reward for his support. • c. A loyal supporter is promised money for his support. • d. A loyal supporter is forgotten by the president after the election; thus the term “spoils.”

26. 2 Points • 8) Which problem did the Missouri Compromise and the Compromise of 1850 attempt to solve? • a. Extension of slavery into the western territories • b. Equitable distribution of frontier lands to the owners of small farms • c. Placement of protective tariffs on foreign imports • d. Need for internal improvements in transportation

27. 3 Points • 9) Which of the following best describes economic factors that led to sectionalism prior to the Civil War? • a. The northern economy was primarily agricultural, while the southern economy was based on manufacturing. • b. Jobs on plantations attracted more European immigrants to the South than to the North. • c. Transportation systems were more developed in the North than in the South. • d. The southern economy was more diversified than the northern economy.

28. 3 Points • 10) Which of the following would have most likely been an opinion held by James K. Polk? • a. “The Oregon territory is as much the property of Great Britain as it is the U.S. Therefore, we must be sure not to offend the British and remember that they, too, belong in Oregon.” • b. “It is the destiny of the U.S. to expand all the way to the Pacific. If Mexico will not sell us their territories north of the Rio Grande, then we will force a war and take them.” • c. “We have Texas, that is enough for now. If we push Mexico too hard, we might face a war we are not prepared for.” • d. “It is not right for white settlers to force their will on the Indians. Therefore, we shall seek to buy the Oregon territory from the tribes that currently live there.

29. Objective 3.01/3.02: Causes of the Civil War

30. 1 Point • 1) In the middle of the 1800s, what two major issues were dividing the North and South? • a. Welfare reform and income tax rates • b. Immigration and the gold standard • c. Loyalty to Great Britain and taxation without representation • d. States’ rights and slavery

31. 1 Point • 2) Which best describes Abraham Lincoln’s main goal at the beginning of the Civil War? • a. preserving the Union • b. emancipating slaves • c. destroying the concept of states’ rights • d. punishing Confederate states

32. 2 Points • 3) According to the principle of popular sovereignty, • a. Congress would determine whether a territory would have slavery. • b. Territorial legislatures would determine whether a territory would have slavery. • c. Settlers would determine whether a territory would have slavery. • d. The Supreme Court would determine whether a territory would have slavery.

33. 2 Points • 4) Which of the following BEST describes why the Southern states seceded? • a. They felt that the Union was weak and could be easily defeated. • b. They were encouraged to secede by foreign governments prepared to come to their aid if they rebelled. • c. They felt that it was only a matter of time before Lincoln and the Republicans would move to abolish slavery and they wanted to protect their state sovereignty. • d. They felt that it was only a matter of time before Union forces attacked and wanted to organize an army.

34. 2 Points • 5) Which answer best describes the relationship between the South firing on Fort Sumter and the Civil War? • a. The South firing on Fort Sumter caused President Lincoln to call out state militias. • b. The South firing on Fort Sumter caused the South to form a confederation. • c. The South firing on Fort Sumter caused the North to back down. • d. The South firing on Fort Sumter finally started the Civil War.

35. 3 Points • 6) Which of the following was NOT part of the Supreme Court’s decision in Dred Scott v. Sanford (1857)? • a. According to the Constitution, no slave or descendant of a save is a citizen. • b. Just because Dred Scott had lived on free soil did not mean he was not a slave. • c. The Missouri Compromise applied to Dred Scott because he was a citizen of Missouri. • d. Dred Scott couldn’t bring a case to federal court.