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American Government

American Government. The Balance of Freedom and Order. FREEDOM. ORDER. The Declaration Of Independence. The Constitution. ORDER. JEFFERSONIAN. MADISONIAN. 1791. WHAT IS THE MAIN PURPOSE OF GOVERNMENT?. To maintain the balance of freedom and order!. CORE PRINCIPLES.

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American Government

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  1. American Government The Balance of Freedom and Order

  2. FREEDOM ORDER The Declaration Of Independence The Constitution ORDER JEFFERSONIAN MADISONIAN 1791

  3. WHAT IS THE MAIN PURPOSE OF GOVERNMENT? To maintain the balance of freedom and order!

  4. CORE PRINCIPLES

  5. CIVIC VIRTUE A person looks out for the commongood

  6. The people are the highest authority; “We the people, ….” POPULAR SOVEREIGNITY

  7. REPRESENTATIVE DEMOCRACY REPUBLIC We elect leaders to speak on our behalf

  8. PLURALISM Diversity People are allowed and encouraged to be different We ARE a nation of Immigrants!

  9. NATURAL RIGHTS Inalienable Rights Rights for all humans at birth 1948 UN passed the Universal Declaration of Human Rights which officially extended natural rights to all John Locke(1600s): Life, Liberty, and Property you are born with these rights

  10. The government will protect the rights of the people and the people will obey the government’s laws. Contract/Agreement that must be JUSTANDMUTUAL SOCIAL CONTRACT

  11. CORE DOCUMENTS

  12. Declaration of Independence Written by Thomas Jefferson on July 3, 1776 The USA formally expressed their status as a free and independent state, no longer colonies of Great Britain

  13. Articles of Confederation Original explanation of the government and lawbefore the Constitutionwas adopted Supreme law from 1781-1789

  14. CONSTITUTION: Fundamental law and structure of the US government. Framed 1787, ratified 1789 amended variously since. ***Treason only crime dealt with in original!

  15. BILL OF RIGHTS First 10 amendments to the Constitution, added in 1791 to protect certain essential rights to citizens.

  16. FEDERALIST PAPERS Series of essays written by supporters of ratification of the Constitution to convince others of its worth.

  17. 6 Goals of Constitution To form a more perfect union Establish justice Ensure domestic tranquility

  18. Provide for the common defense Promote the general welfare Secure the blessings of liberty

  19. 3 Branches of WHY DID THE FOUNDING FATHERS SEPARATE THE POWERS OF GOVERNMENT?

  20. Legislative Branch of Government • BICAMERAL • SENATE AND HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

  21. State Representatives… • Serve 2 year terms • Qualifications??? • a. at least 25 years old • b. a US citizen for 7 years • c. reside in state elected from • 435 members • Representation based on state population http://www.legis.state.pa.us/WU01/VC/visitor_info/our_house/who.htm

  22. State Senate • serve 6 year terms • Qualifications???: • a. at least 30 years old • b. US citizen for 9 yrs • c. must live in state elected from • 50 members Can you name the 2 PA State Senators? Pat Toomey and Robert Casey • Vice President

  23. How does a bill become a law? Let’s watch this short and find out! http://www.teachertube.com/view_video.php?viewkey=4bd0cf05c37c246f215f So, let’s talk about the process of a bill becoming law…

  24. CONGRESSIONAL POWERS Makes Laws Establish budget Declare war Impeach Approve presidential appointments Ratify Treaties

  25. Executive Branch of Government • Electoral College (NOT Popular Vote) • Qualifications??? • a. 35 years old • b. Natural born citizen • c. live in the US for 14 consecutive years

  26. Who assists the president in the decision making process? • The Cabinet • Can you name any members of The current Cabinet???

  27. The Vice President Joe Biden Department ofHomeland SecuritySecretary Jeh Johnson

  28. Power & Responsibilities of the President • Chief Executive--enforce laws • Commander in Chief of Military • Controls US Foreign Policy • Indirect legislative powers • (suggestions…influence) • Indirect Judicial Powers • (Appoints Justices) • Chief of State

  29. What qualifications do YOU think a future president should have?

  30. Judicial Branch of Government INNOCENT UNTIL PROVENGUILTY!

  31. 9 members of the Supreme Court • Currently Appointed Judges: • CHIEF JUSTICE -- John Roberts • Clarence Thomas • Antonin Scalia • Anthony M. Kennedy • Ruth Bader Ginsburg • Sonia Sotomayor • Stephen Breyer • Samuel Alito Jr • Elena Kagan

  32. Establish Uniformity in the law • (Between States) • Address a relevant issue (Constitutionality of laws and their implementation) • Judicial Review: • 1803 Allows the Supreme Court to declare laws or executive actions unconstitutional or illegal

  33. Habeas Corpus: • “Bring the body” • oneCAN NOTbe held in jailWITHOUTa BODY ofEVIDENCEpresented against them • Do you know of any famous Supreme Court decisions?

  34. Serve life terms • to remove them from campaigning • (Constitution over popularity) • When does a president assume more control of the government and the system of checks and balances becomes suspended? • War or State of Disaster

  35. CIVIL LIBERTIES/RIGHTS Rights or privileges guaranteed to United States Citizens under the Constitution

  36. 1st Amendment - Freedom of… SPEECH Includes expression and lifestyle RELIGION Protects minority religions PRESS An informed public is better able to make decisions

  37. 2nd Amendment The Right to Bear Arms Private citizens can own guns

  38. 4th Amendment • Protects against • unjust arrest • illegal searches or seizures • excessive bail • Police need a warrant unless there is a probable cause *** Different rules in SCHOOL!!!

  39. 5th and 6th Amendments Establish Due Process • Due Process • “Innocent until proven guilty” • Protects the rights of the ACCUSED • No Self-Incrimination • Right to an Attorney • Right to a speedy, public trial

  40. 8th Amendment What is cruel or unusual punishment??? • Protects against excessive use of power • No Cruel or Unusual punishment • No torture!

  41. CIVIC RESPONSIBILITIES • TAXES: • LOCAL property taxes • Police, sewage, community events, etc. • 85% funds education • STATE- communication/transportation systems, state parks/reserves/police, recreation,higher education (state schools), prison system • FEDERAL-Defense: FBI, CIA, Armed Forces • Welfare, salaries of gov’t employees, national parks

  42. POLITICAL PARTICIPATION & VOTING • Apathy is the enemy of democracy • Why do people choose not to vote?

  43. ABIDE BY LAWS: • What laws do we break? • What laws do we view as flexible? • MILITARY SERVICE: Draft OR Volunteer OR Conscientious Objector

  44. Volunteer: • Freedom from heavy government • civic virtue=participation and support • Virtuous Institutions • Religious Institutions • Volunteer firemen • Red Cross

  45. ACTIVISM • METHODS: • Speeches • Editorial letters • Songs • Demonstrations • Marches and Boycotts • Terrorist attack • Revolution • Mutiny • Riot • Strike/Work Struggle

  46. Famous American Activists: • Martin Luther King, Jr. • Eleanor Roosevelt • Woody Guthrie • Harriet Tubman • Upton Sinclair • Dorothea Lange • Thomas Nast • John Muir • Cesar Chavez • Mary “Mother” Jones • John Scopes • Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony

  47. ACTIVIST ORGANIZATIONS • KKK • ADL • Nat’l Org. of Women • Sierra Club • Black Panther Party • SNCC • PETA • ACLU • NAACP • Amnesty International • Christian Coalition

  48. Bill of Rights • 2nd Amendment: The Right to Bear Arms • Citizens may own guns • 3rd Amendment: Prohibits quartering troops • Gov’t may not require citizens to house US troops • 7th Amendment: Juries for civil trials • Trials between private parties include juries • 9th Amendment: Unenumerated Rights • People have rights that are not expressly listed • 10th Amendment: Reserved Powers • Powers not delegated to Federal gov’t are reserved to the states

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