1 / 29

Imperialism - 19th - 20th century

Imperialism - 19th - 20th century. What does “Imperialism” mean?. Imperial motivations. Imperialism: takeover of a country by a stronger nation with the intent of domination over the political, economic and social life of the people of that nation

tiger
Télécharger la présentation

Imperialism - 19th - 20th century

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Imperialism - 19th - 20th century

  2. What does “Imperialism” mean?

  3. Imperial motivations • Imperialism: takeover of a country by a stronger nation with the intent of domination over the political, economic and social life of the people of that nation • Imperialism begins in the backdrop of industrialization -> why might industrialization lead to imperialism?

  4. Areas of Imperialism • Africa • Middle East • India • Southeast Asia

  5. Motivations for Imperialism • 1. New markets and raw materials for industry • 2. National pride/bragging rights • 3. Belief in European supremacy • Racism • Social Darwinism • Missionaries

  6. Imperialism in Africa • A variety of external and internal forces enabled Imperialism in the late 1800’s in Africa • 1. Maxim gun • 2. Railroad and steam engine • 3. Cure for malaria - quinine • 4. Disunity of African peoples • 5. Poor technological development in Africa

  7. Scramble for Africa • Britain, France, Belgium, Germany, Portugal and Spain were fighting to claim lands throughout Africa beginning with Belgian Congo • Described as the “Scramble for Africa” • European powers began to establish colonies or “spheres of influence”

  8. How did European Countries Divide Africa? • Period 1 Groups • 1. Brianna, Andrew, Lindsay, Ryan, Aaron • 2. Tess, Jenna, Allan, Robbie, Kaile, Nikhil • 3. Brooke, Jordan, Jon, Liat, Tatum, Mukesh • 4.Kyle, Phoebe, Mike, Frank, Emily

  9. How did European Countries Divide Africa? • Pd 2 Groups • 1. Eleanor, Marco, Sam R.,Jason, Nick • 2. Gabby, Sam V., Jolie, Max, Rachel • 3. Milin, Austin, Jamie, Marissa, Caroline, Ashley

  10. Impact of Imperialism:Berlin Conference • To avoid large scales wars amongst European countries, 14 Euro nations got together to make rules for dividing Africa. • European countries could claim areas in Africa if they notified other countries of their claim and could control the area. • Sizes of colonies/nations depended on raw materials in the land rather than consideration of African people

  11. Impact of Imperialism • Positives • Reduced local warfare • Hospitals, schools, increase literacy and life spans • Economic expansionism • Developed infrastructure

  12. Impact of Imperialism • Negatives • Africans lost control of their land and independence • New diseases - smallpox • Famines - movement to plantations/cash crops instead of growing own food • Breakdown of traditional culture • Artificial boundaries • Europeans put rival tribes in the same country and divided ethnic groups across national lines

  13. Imperialism: The Middle EastCauses • Waining power of Ottomans - losing influence in the area • Egypt • Egyptian debt from attempts to modernize such as building the Suez Canal • The strategic location of the canal for the British Empire - “Lifeline of the Empire” • Iran/Persia and Afghanistan • Oil • Buffer between Russia and India

  14. Suez Canal

  15. The Middle East: Effects • Positives • Money available to build up economy, technology, infrastructure - Suez Canal • Negatives • Egyptian rulers increased cash crops which led to a decrease in peasant control of the land and food supply • Corrupt rulers in Iran who sold concessions to Europe to try and protect themselves • Increased resentment of European/Western powers by middle eastern peoples (Growth of religious based movements to push out western powers) • Placed countries as buffer zones between world powers - Ex. Afghanistan

  16. India: Causes if Imperialism • Weakness of the Mughals led to power vacuum • British East India Company began to rule the area using “sepoys” - Indian soldiers led by British commander • Large supply of raw materials and markets for goods

  17. India: Effects of Imperialism • Positives • Railroads established - led to modern economy and greater unity • Modern roads, telephone, dams, bridges, improved sanitation • Schools, increased literacy • End to local warfare • “Jewel in the Crown” - most valuable colony to Great Britain

  18. India: Effects of Imperialism • Negatives • British set up restrictions so India could only sell raw materials to Britain and buy British goods • Prohibited Indian finished goods • Increase in plantation crops - tea, indigo, coffee, cotton, jute, opium - loss of self sufficiency and increased famines • Indian traditional life threatened - missionary activity and racism

  19. Southeast Asia: Causes of Imperialism • Perfect environment for plantation agriculture - sugar cane, coffee, cocoa, rubber, coconuts, bananas, pineapple • Resources - oil and tin • Location between India and China

  20. Southeast Asia: Impacts • Positives • Growing economies based on cash crops and goods • Roads, harbors, rail systems - improved communication and transportation • Education, health, sanitation improved • Unification of areas

  21. Southeast Asia: Impacts • Negatives • Large migration of people from other areas of Asia to work on plantations and in mines • Changed cultural and racial makeup of the area • Led to racial and religious classes

  22. Imperialistic Control • How do these European countries govern these new areas halfway across the world?

  23. Types of Imperial Control:Indirect Control • Local government officials used • Limited self-rule • Goal: develop future leaders • Government institutions based on European styles but may have local rules Indirect Forms of Imperialism: Protectorate Sphere of Influence Economic Imperialism

  24. Types of Imperial Control:Direct Control • Foreign officials brought in to rule • No self-rule • Goal: assimilation • Government institutions based only on European styles Direct Forms of Imperialism: Colonies

  25. Wars of Imperialism: • Crimean War • Sepoy Rebellion • Opium Wars • Boxer Rebellion • Russo - Japanese War

More Related