1 / 83

First Aid

First Aid ◊ The immediate, temporary care given to an ill or injured person until professional medical care can be provided. ◊ Check the surrounding environment. ◊ Your safety is the 1 st priority!. C ’s of Emergency Care Check – Call - Care

tymon
Télécharger la présentation

First Aid

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. First Aid ◊ The immediate, temporary care given to an ill or injured person until professional medical care can be provided. ◊ Check the surrounding environment. ◊ Your safety is the 1st priority!

  2. C’s of Emergency Care Check – Call - Care ◊ Check the victim for life-threatening conditions. Only move the victim if he/she is in direct physical danger. ◊ Call 911. Leave the scene if necessary. ◊ Care for the victim. Ask permission to help. Unconsciousness implies consent.

  3. Good Samaritan Laws ◊ Statutes (laws) that protect rescuers from being sued for giving emergency care ◊ You may not provide care beyond your level of training ◊ You must be acting in the best interest of the victim

  4. Universal Precautions ◊ Steps taken to prevent the spread of disease through blood and other bodily fluids. ◊ Chemical resistant gloves (usually latex) ◊ Wash hands immediately after providing First Aid ◊ Use mouth piece or rescue mask when providing rescue breathing/CPR.

  5. Universal Precautions ◊

  6. Types of Wounds Abrasion: (scrape) Injury to the top layer of skin. Chief concern is bacterial infection. Clean and protect.

  7. Types of Wounds Laceration: (cut) caused by sharp objects slicing through skin. Severe lacerations may require stitches and a tetanus booster.

  8. Types of Wounds Punctures: A small but deep hole caused by a sharp narrow object. High risk of infection. Usually does not cause heavy bleeding.

  9. Types of Wounds Avulsions: Occurs when skin or tissue is partly or completely torn away. If possible wrap the severed body part in a sterile, cold, moist towel to preserve the tissue.

  10. Controlling Bleeding ◊ Raise wound above the level of the heart. ◊ Cover with sterile gauze or cloth. ◊ Use direct pressure to stop the bleeding ◊ Once bleeding stops secure gauze with a bandage. Seek medical attention if needed.

  11. Types of Burns ◊ First degree burns: Involves the outermost layer of skin (epidermis). ◊ Redness, Swelling and Pain ◊ About 1 week healing time

  12. Types of Burns ◊Second degree burns: Involves epidermis and underlying layers of skin (dermis). Skin becomes very red, swollen, and develops blisters

  13. Types of Burns ◊Third degree burns: Involve all layers of skin. The skin may be charred black or appear white & dry. The burn may damage nerve cells so the victim may not experience pain.

  14. First Aid for 1st & Minor 2nd Degree Burns ◊ Cool the burned area by holding under cold running water for 5 minutes. Wrap in cold wet cloths. Do not use ice! ◊ Cover the burn loosely with sterile gauze. ◊3rd degree burns require immediate medical attention – Call 911

  15. Chain of Survival ◊ A sequence of actions that maximize the victim’s chances of survival ◊ Survey the scene ◊ Check the victim for consciousness ◊ Call 911 (if needed) ◊ Provide necessary Care 3 C’s

  16. CPR (Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation) ◊ A first aid procedure that combines rescue breathing and chest compressions to supply oxygen to the body. ◊ Defibrillator: A device that delivers an electrical shock to the heart to restore normal its normal rhythm. (Automated External Defibrillator - AED)

  17. Chain of Survival

  18. CPR for Adults ◊Survey the scene ◊Check for Consciousness (Are you OK!) ◊Call 911 ◊CABs ◊Chest Compressions ◊Airway ◊Breathing

  19. CPR for Adults

  20. CPR for Adults

  21. CPR for Adults ◊Perform 30 chest compressions first ◊Followed by 2 breaths of air– repeat this process until more advance medical help arrives. Stayin Alive

  22. CPR for Infants and Children (under 8 years old) ◊Children ◊Give shallower breaths ◊Give compressions with heel of one hand on the sternum. ◊2 breaths:30 compression

  23. CPR for Infants and Children (under 8 years old) ◊Infants ◊Take pulse on brachial artery ◊Give shallower breaths (puff of air) ◊Give compressions with middle & ring finger ◊30 Compression: 2 breaths

  24. Dr. Oz on Heart Attacks

  25. Anatomy of a Heart Attack

  26. Angioplasty & Stenting

  27. First Aid for Choking ◊ Conscious adult ◊ Stand behind victim, wrap arms around their waist. ◊ Make a fist with one hand and grasp it with your other hand. ◊ Quick upward thrust. “J” shape movement ◊ Repeat until object is dislodged.

  28. First Aid for Choking ◊ Unconscious adult: ◊ Lower victim to the ground and try to clear airway. ◊ Reach into mouth and sweep object out with one finger. ◊ If object can not be dislodged, begin CPR. Chest compressions may dislodge object.

  29. Xiphoid Process

  30. First Aid for Choking ◊ If you are Alone: ◊ Perform abdominal thrust on yourself. ◊ Position abdomen over rigid structure (countertop, back of chair). ◊ Press against the object to thrust your abdomen upward and inward.

  31. First Aid for Shock ◊ A life threatening condition which the heart is not delivering and adequate supply of blood to the body. ◊ Symptoms include: cold, clammy skin that may appear pale or grayish. Weak, rapid pulse and altered breathing. Dilated pupils. Weakness, confusion, or loss of consciousness.

  32. First Aid for Shock ◊ Call 911 ◊ Lie the victim down and raise feet 12 inches. Keep warm. ◊ Loosen constricting clothing, and keep calm. Roll victim to side if they begin to vomit. ◊ Do not give victim anything to eat or drink. Do not move victim if you suspect an injury to the head, neck, or spine.

  33. Muscle & Joint Injuries

  34. Muscle & Joint Injuries ◊ Strain: A tear in the muscle or tendon . ◊ Sprain: An injury to the ligaments around a joint. ◊ Symptoms include pain, stiffness, swelling, limited mobility, and bruising around the area.

  35. Muscle & Joint Injuries (P.R.I.C.E.) ◊Protect-wrap with bandage or splint ◊Rest-rest injured area for at least 1 day. ◊Ice-to reduce swelling and pain. 10-15 minutes, three times a day. ◊Compress-wrap firmly with a bandage. ◊Elevate-raise above the heart.

  36. Fractures & Dislocations ◊Fracture: A break in a bone Tibial Fracture & Fibular Fracture Humeral Fracture

  37. Fractures & Dislocations

  38. Fractures & Dislocations ◊Dislocations: a separation of a bone from its normal position in a joint. Dislocated elbow

  39. Fractures & Dislocations ◊Symptoms of fractures and dislocations include pain, stiffness, swelling, limited mobility, and bruising around the area.

  40. First Aid for Fractures & Dislocations ◊Call 911. Keep victim still & calm ◊If skin is broken rinse to prevent infection. ◊Cover with sterile dressing. ◊Immobilize area. ◊Apply ice. ◊If injury doesn’t affect head, neck, legs, or spine…Treat for Shock.

  41. Unconsciousness ◊Unconsciousness is the condition of not being alert or aware of surroundings. ◊ Risk of choking. ◊ Call 911. ◊Use “Recovery Position” if victim is breathing and you do not suspect head, neck, or spine injury.

  42. Fainting ◊Occurs when not enough blood is flowing to the brain. ◊ Try to prevent victim from falling. ◊ Lay victim on the floor and elevate legs. Loosen tight or constricting clothes. ◊ If the person vomits, roll him/her into the “Recovery Position”

  43. Recovery Position

  44. Fainting ◊ If victim doesn’t regain consciousness within few minutes…Call 911 ◊ If the victim regains consciousness keep the person lying still for at least 10-15 minutes.

  45. Concussion ◊ A jarring injury to the brain that can cause unconsciousness. (Bruise on the brain) ◊ Symptoms include: memory loss, confusion, and pupils that are non-reactive to light. If present…Call 911

More Related