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The Final Days of World War II: Japan's Surrender

This lesson explores the pivotal events leading to Japan's surrender in August 1945. Following the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, the cultural implications of surrender weighed heavily on Japanese leaders. Despite internal conflicts between military and government factions, Emperor Hirohito ultimately decided to accept defeat while retaining the monarchy. The historic public address on August 15, 1945, marked a significant moment in history as the first time an emperor spoke to the nation. This lesson provides insights into the complexities of war and peace.

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The Final Days of World War II: Japan's Surrender

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  1. 10-in-10 Top 10 Notes in 10 Minutes or Less American History B Unit 9, Lesson 14: A Beginning Textbook Volume D: Pages 99-100

  2. Note 1 • After the bombing of Hiroshima, the United States demands a surrender from the Japanese or else more terror would come to them • The Japanese culture does not appreciate surrender • Surrender in Japanese culture was very dishonorable, so the Japanese ignored the United States’ request

  3. Note 2 • On August 8th 1945, Russia joins the war against Japan • Russian forces attack Japanese armies in Manchuria and Korea • For some Japanese leaders, Russia’s involvement in the war is more threatening than the secret weapon that the United States held

  4. Note 3 • On August 9th 1945, one day after Russia joined the war against Japan, the United States drops another atomic bomb on Nagasaki • The nightmare of fire, wind, rain, and radiation has happened again • The United States demanded a surrender and they were going to get it one way or another

  5. Note 4 • Japanese warlords and government ministers met after the second atomic bomb was dropped to discuss the fate of their people • Warriors wanted to fight while governmental figures wanted the war to end – decisions were split down the middle

  6. Note 5 • The emperor eventually decides for its people that they would accept defeat with one exception • That one exception was that Japan was to remain a totalitarian form of government and allow its emperor to remain the head of state • World War II was now over

  7. Note 6 • Upon hearing the news that was wired to him, Harry Truman calls his ambassador to the United Nations, Eleanor Roosevelt • Harry Truman tells Eleanor that he wishes that Franklin was still alive to see the end of the war and hear the peace proposal sent by Japan

  8. Note 7 • Some Japanese army officials do not want to surrender as they feel that it is cowardly • They break into the Imperial Palace, set fire to the home of the Prime Minister, and try to stop the surrender broadcast • The Japanese had a great deal of pride in the war

  9. Note 8 • The emperor had recorded the broadcast days before and it was being played elsewhere • The emperor wanted to get his wording correct so he recorded the surrender broadcast in advance • Those trying to stop the emperor from surrendering were too late

  10. Note 9 • On August 15, 1945 Emperor Hirohito made the first public speech that an emperor has ever made • The first ever speech made by a Japanese emperor was to ask the Japanese people to accept the coming of peace

  11. Note 10 • World War II was over • VE Day – or Victory in Europe Day - was May 8, 1945 • VJ Day – or Victory in Japan Day – was August 15, 1945

  12. Go try your lesson assessment! • If you don’t pass, read through your Volume D textbook pages 99-100 and highlight/take notes. Then take the assessment again. • Good Luck!

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