1 / 18

Origins and spread of Nation states in Europe: Westphalia to WWI

Origins and spread of Nation states in Europe: Westphalia to WWI. Creation of Nation-states in post-Renaissance Europe. supplanting city-states and smaller principalities, in post Renaissance Europe changes in military technology favoring mass armies Treaty of Westphalia--1648

vasilis
Télécharger la présentation

Origins and spread of Nation states in Europe: Westphalia to WWI

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Origins and spread of Nation states in Europe: Westphalia to WWI

  2. Creation of Nation-states in post-Renaissance Europe • supplanting city-states and smaller principalities, in post Renaissance Europe • changes in military technology favoring mass armies • Treaty of Westphalia--1648 • affirming sovereignty of territorial princes over emperors and popes

  3. England, France, and Spain unify early under powerful kings—by 1500s

  4. 19th Century growth of nationalist ideas • Growth of a more powerful and confident “bourgeoisie” • Growing appreciation for one’s national culture—national literature, national music, etc.

  5. 19th century national unifications in Europe--between Napoleon and WWI (1815-1918) • Germany unifying under Prussian leadership • Italy unifying under Piedmont-Sardinia

  6. Nationalism and World War I • 1870s Ottoman Empire receded with uprisings in the Balkans--Serbia gains independence • Bosnia controlled, then annexed by Austria-Hungary 1908 • Serbs thought they should be creating the South Slavic nation

  7. 1914 Serb and Bosnian nationalists kill Austrian Archduke

  8. Result of the assassination • Austria-Hungary, supported by Germany, accuses Serbia of being behind the assassination, and picks a fight with Serbia • Triple alliance of Aus-Hun, Germany, and Italy, (but Italy is “replaced” by Turkey) • Russia supports Serbia, has alliance with France, and England

  9. European combatants--plus over 100 others from around the world

  10. U.S. enters the war • 1917 U.S. enters the war in response to German declaration of “unrestricted” submarine warfare

  11. Revolution in Russia • 1917 Czar’s government crumbles, is replaced by a moderate pro-Western government--continues the war effort • promising peace, Lenin and the Communist Party overthrow the new government--first communist state • 1918 Soviets sue for peace

  12. Soviet concessions

  13. Aftermath--end to empires • Russian empire gives way to Soviet state • Finland, Baltic nations, Ukraine (briefly) independent • German and Austria-Hungarian empires dismantled • Poland, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia • Ottoman empire dismantled • protectorates in Iraq, Syria, Palestine, etc.

  14. Inter-War Europe

  15. Inter-war Middle East

  16. post war settlement • President Woodrow Wilson’s 14 points: • “a peace without victory” • national self determination (in Europe) • pt. 14 foundation of League of Nations • League failed ratification in the Senate • Most of the 14 points are ignored--punitive reparations imposed on Germany

More Related