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Cell History & Structure

This presentation outlines the foundational history of cells, highlighting key contributors like Robert Hooke, Anton van Leeuwenhoek, Theodore Schwann, Mattias Schleiden, and Rudolf Virchow. We discuss the Cell Theory, which states that all living organisms are composed of cells, that the cell is the fundamental unit of life, and that all cells arise from pre-existing cells. It differentiates between prokaryotic cells, which are simple and lack membrane-bound organelles, and eukaryotic cells, which are complex and contain a nucleus and organelles.

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Cell History & Structure

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  1. Cell History & Structure Ms. Mezzetti Lynn English High School Science Department

  2. Early Contributors • Robert Hooke - The first person to see cells, he was looking at cork and noted that he saw "a great many boxes. (1665) • Anton van Leeuwenhock - Observed living cells in pond water, which he called "animalcules" (1673) • Theodore Schwann - zoologist who observed that the tissues of animals had cells (1839) • Mattias Schleiden - botanist, observed that the tissues of plants contained cells ( 1845) • Rudolf Virchow - also reported that every living thing is made of up vital units, known as cells. He also predicted that cells come from other cells.

  3. THE CELL THEORY 1. Every living organism is made of one or more cells. 2. The cell is the basic unit of structure and function. It is the smallest unit that can perform life functions. 3. All cells come from preexisting cells.

  4. Prokaryotic Cells • Prokaryotes are: • very simple cells • a membrane (sometimes a cell wall) • cytoplasm • strand of DNA • Ribosomes • Are bacteria-unicellular • Prokaryotic cells do not contain membrane bound organeles or nucleus • The word "prokaryote" means "before the nucleus"

  5. EUKARYOTIC CELLS • The eukaryotic cell is composed of 4 main parts: • cell membrane - outer boundary of the cell • cytoplasm - jelly-like fluid interior of the cell • nucleus - the "control center" of the cell, contains the cell's DNA (chromosomes) • organelles - "little organs" that carry out cell functions-membrane bound organelles

  6. ANIMAL CELL

  7. PLANT CELL

  8. 2.2: PROKARYOTES/EUKARYOTES • Compare and contrast, at the cellular level, prokaryotes and eukaryotes (general structures and degrees of complexity).

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