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MACROMOLECULES

MACROMOLECULES. What are the 4 macromolecules?. Carbohydrates Fats Proteins Nucleic acids. Carbohydrates. Contain Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H) and Oxygen (O) 1:2:1 RATIO Body’s main source of fuel/energy Produced in chloroplasts during photosynthesis

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MACROMOLECULES

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  1. MACROMOLECULES

  2. What are the 4 macromolecules? • Carbohydrates • Fats • Proteins • Nucleic acids

  3. Carbohydrates • Contain Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H) and Oxygen (O) • 1:2:1 RATIO • Body’s main source of fuel/energy • Produced in chloroplasts during photosynthesis • Broken down in the mitochondria during cellular respiration

  4. Monosaccharides Glucose =C6H12O6

  5. Disaccharide Sucrose = C12H22O11

  6. Polysaccharide = Starch Building blocks are monosaccharides

  7. Fats • Long chains of C, H, and O • Building blocks are fatty acids and glycerol • Storage form of energy • Important in cell membranes, protecting organs, and keeping skin from drying out. ..H.. O H H H H H H H H H H H H H H ..|...N | | | | | | | | | | | | | |H-C-O-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-H..|.....| | | | | | | | | | | | | |..|.....H H H H H H H H H H H H H H..|..|...O H H H H H H H H H H H H H H..|...N | | | | | | | | | | | | | |H-C-O-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-H..|.....| | | | | | | | | | | | | |..|.....H H H H H H H H H H H H H H..|..|...O.H H H H H H H H H H H H H H..|...N | | | | | | | | | | | | | |H-C-O-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-H..|.....| | | | | | | | | | | | | |..H.....H H H H H H H H H H H H H H

  8. Fats (cont’d) Saturated-all single bonds, maximum number of hydrogens. Usually solid at room temperature (butter) Unsaturated-contain one or more double bonds. Usually liquid at room temperature (vegetable oil)

  9. Proteins • Contain Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen and Sulfur • Building blocks are amino acids • Main structural material

  10. Nucleic Acids • Contain carbon, hydrogen ,oxygen, nitrogen and phosphorus, • Building blocks are nucleotides • Control of cell • Used as code for building proteins

  11. DNA

  12. RNA

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