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Chapter 9 Lesson 2 :World War I ( pgs. 304-309)

This lesson explores the key factors that triggered World War I from 1914 to 1917. Nationalism, imperialism, and militarism fueled competition among nations like Germany, Russia, and France. The war began after Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia, leading to a web of alliances resulting in a conflict between the Central Powers and the Allied Powers. The introduction of new military technologies, including machine guns, grenades, and tanks, transformed the battlefield, while the U.S. entry in 1917 marked a pivotal shift in the war’s dynamics.

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Chapter 9 Lesson 2 :World War I ( pgs. 304-309)

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  1. Chapter 9 Lesson 2 :World War I (pgs. 304-309) Time period 1914-1917

  2. Causes of the War • Nationalism, the belief that your country deserves more success than other, caused countries such as Germany, Russia, and France to compete for land and power

  3. Causes of the War • Other countries started colonies around the world (imperialism)

  4. Causes of the War • To protect their empires they built up their armies and navies (militarism) in an effort to frighten or defeat other countries

  5. The War BEGINS! • European countries began to form alliances, an agreement nations make to support and defend each other Central Powers vs. Allied Alliance (Allies)

  6. Allied Alliance - a.k.a.Allies • Russia • France • Great Britain • Italy • Portugal • Greece • Serbia • Romania • Montenegro • United States (1917)

  7. Central Powers • Austria-Hungary • Germany • Bulgaria • Ottoman Empire

  8. What happened… • 1914- Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia • Serbia had an alliance with Russia, so Russia fought on Serbia’s side • Germany invaded France- France was also aligned with Russia WWI BEGAN!

  9. The Battlefield • Soldiers fought from trenches, long narrow ditches (trench warfare) • Soldiers live in trenches day and night • Soldiers braved mud, cold weather, and rats • Millions of soldiers were killed • Fighting lasted 4 years

  10. U.S. Enters the WAR! • 1914- U.S. remained neutral (stayed out of war) • 1915- German submarine sank the Lusitania, a British passenger ship with many Americans on board • Germans promised not to attack passenger ships • 1917- Germany broke promise and began attacking U.S. ships • April, 1917 U.S. declared war on the Central Powers • U.S. entered on the side of the Allies

  11. New Weapons used in WWI • Machine guns-shot hundreds of bullets each minute • Hand grenades- small bombs • Cannons- could hit targets miles away • Submarines- sank ships in the Atlanta Ocean • Tanks- could attack across land between the trenches (invented by British) • Poison gas- used to harm and kill • Airplanes- used later in the war to drop bombs • Most destructive war in history at the time

  12. New Weapons Machine Guns Hand Grenades

  13. New Weapons Cannons Submarines

  14. New Weapons Tanks Poison Gas

  15. Eddie Rickenbacker- US hero

  16. Manfred Von Richthofen- German also known as The Red Baron

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