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Goal #5: FUNGI

Goal #5: FUNGI. They’re not plants!. I. KINGDOM: Fungi. A. CELLS. Multicellular/Unicellular Eukaryotic. B. GENETIC MATERIAL. They have DNA found inside the nucleus. C. STRUCTURE. Multicellular fungi are made of thin filaments called HYPHAE . Each hyphae is only one cell thick!.

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Goal #5: FUNGI

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  1. Goal #5: FUNGI They’re not plants!

  2. I. KINGDOM: Fungi

  3. A. CELLS Multicellular/Unicellular Eukaryotic

  4. B. GENETIC MATERIAL They have DNA found inside the nucleus.

  5. C. STRUCTURE Multicellular fungi are made of thin filaments called HYPHAE. Each hyphae is only one cell thick!

  6. Hyphae tangle together into a thick clump called MYCELIUM.

  7. D. REPRODUCTION C. Reproduction 1. Asexually • hyphae break and spread spores • spores = reproductive cell formed by mitosis that grows into new organism • Spores spread by wind and insects, then settle and grow

  8. 2. Sexually • Two different mating types • Plus (+) and minus (-) • (+) and (-) meet and forms gametes • When 2 gametes fuse, there is a new offspring!

  9. E. NOURISHMENT HETEROTROPHSthat digest their food outside their body and then absorb it • Some absorb nutrients from decaying matter in the SOIL. • Some live as parasites absorbing nutrients from LIVING HOSTS.

  10. F. RESPIRATION Not all fungi are alike! • Obligate aerobes • Obligate anaerobes • Facultative anaerobes

  11. G. Movement Fungi DO NOTmove on their own!

  12. II. Relationships

  13. 1. Symbiosis • Some Fungi live together with other organisms • Fungi + Algae = Lichen • Fungi + Bacteria = Lichen • Fungi + Plant Roots = Mycorrhizae

  14. 2. Fungi can be HELPFUL • Fungi are the DECOMPOSERS- a very important part of every ecosystem • Fungi RECYCLE NUTRIENTSby breaking down dead organisms and their waste products!

  15. 3. Fungi can be harmful • Parasitic fungi can cause diseases. • Corn smut • Wheat Rust • Athlete’s Foot/Ringworm • Yeast Infection/Thrush

  16. III. Classification -based on their reproduction

  17. A. Common Molds - Phylum Zygomycota - produces spores - hyphae with no cross walls - ex: meat, cheese, and bread mold

  18. B. Sac Fungi - Phylum Ascomycota - largest phylum of fungi - ex: cup fungi, yeasts - yeasts are the only unicellular fungi & reproduce asexually by budding - yeast is used for baking (alcoholic fermentation)

  19. C. Club Fungi - Phylum Basidomycota - ex: mushrooms (most are poisonous!) -shelf fungi -puffballs -earthstars -jelly fungi

  20. D. Imperfect Fungi - Phylum Deuteromycota -not in other phylum because cannot classify sexual life cycle - resemble all other groups of fungi

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