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Exploring Latitude, Longitude, and Earth's Shape

Learn about latitude and longitude, find your latitude using Polaris, understand the shape of the Earth, and discover interesting globe measurements activities. Explore these concepts through observations and measurements, including the changing altitude of Polaris and the shape of our planet.

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Exploring Latitude, Longitude, and Earth's Shape

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  1. Splitting Latitude and Longitude • 10 (degree) = 60’ (minutes) • 1’ (minute) = 60” (seconds) • Therefore: 43.50N = 430,30’N 75.250W = 750,15’W 43.750S = 430,45’S

  2. Finding your Latitude • The Altitude of Polaris (North Star) is equal to the Latitude of the observer!! • Altitude - Angular distance of an object above the horizon. • Horizon - Where the sky and ground appear to meet (Altitude = 00). • Zenith - highest point in the sky, directly above your head (Altitude = 900).

  3. Shape of the Earth • Oblate Spheroid - (nearly a perfect sphere) Slightly flattened at the poles and buldging at the equator.

  4. Observations for Earth’s shape • Changing altitude of Polaris (North Star) as one traveles north or south. • Stronger gravity measurements at the poles. • Photographs of Earth taken from space. • Ships and planes “sinking” at the horizon.

  5. Globe Measurement Activity **Roundness ratio =Polar circumfrence Equatorial circumfrence **less than 1.0 = Not a perfect sphere!

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