1 / 19

BIOGAS ACTIVITIES AT AARHUS UNIVERSITY

BIOGAS ACTIVITIES AT AARHUS UNIVERSITY. DEPT. OF BIOSYSTEMS ENGINEERING Alastair Ward. 1200 m3 full scale reactor. Facilities. 4 x 130 litre pilot reactors. 2 x 10m3, 2 x 30m3 pilot reactors. Large batch test capacity. PRODUCTION OF BIOMASS AND BY-PRODUCTS FOR BIOGAS PRODUCTION.

zada
Télécharger la présentation

BIOGAS ACTIVITIES AT AARHUS UNIVERSITY

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. BIOGAS ACTIVITIES AT AARHUS UNIVERSITY DEPT. OF BIOSYSTEMS ENGINEERING Alastair Ward

  2. 1200 m3 full scale reactor Facilities • 4 x 130 litre pilot reactors • 2 x 10m3, 2 x 30m3 pilot reactors • Large batch test capacity

  3. PRODUCTION OF BIOMASS AND BY-PRODUCTS FOR BIOGAS PRODUCTION • Livestock manure slurry separation • A solid fraction enriched in organic matter to boost biogas production and phosphorous – reduced transport costs • The liquid fraction with the major part of ammoniacal nitrogen is used as a balanced fertiliser • Production and harvest of energy crops, • e.g. Miscanthus, annual crops • Harvest of meadow grass • Remove nutrients from lowland thereby preventing further eutrophication of inland water systems • The grass can be used for production of biogas and an organic fertiliser • Plants from rivers

  4. PRE-TREATMENT FOR INCREASED BIOGAS PRODUCTIVITY • Mechanical methods • Shredding, maceration, extrusion

  5. Extrusion • Pressing feedstock through a small hole • Increase in temperature ca. 15°C • Mean 17% increase in methane yield of various feedstocks after 90 days batch test

  6. Thermal treatment • Pressure cooking with and without CaO

  7. Extreme thermophilic

  8. Reactor configuration • Serial configuration (including extreme thermophilic) • Separate hydrolysis and methane production • Post digestion

  9. Addition of microbes or enzymes

  10. Up-stream separation • Use of solid fraction enriched with organic matter for biogas production Down-stream separation • Separation of digested slurry and recycling of solid fraction back into the reactor in order to increase the yield

  11. OPTIMISATION OF BIOGAS PROCESS • Inline / offline monitoring • NIRS, micro GC, MIMS, titration • Monitoring and control of inhibitory compounds (ammonia, hydrogen sulphide etc) • Ammonia stripping

  12. Controlled seasonal biogas production • Heat / electrical demand • Daily and yearly cycle • Addition of solid manure fractions or silage

  13. Co-digestion of solid manure (chicken litter etc.) • Handling high solids materials Modelling • Mechanistic models

  14. ORGANIC BIOGAS • Several projects on development of organic biogas production • The driving force is better use of nutrients and increased crop production on organic farms • Planning a new full scale reactor • Organic grass feed from local low lying areas • Negotiating heat supply to local village

  15. POST-TREATMENT • Use of digested slurry fractions • Use as fertiliser • Treatment of biogas to remove hydrogen sulphide • Upgrading of biogas to replace natural gas • Upgrading of biogas to a quality suitable for fuel cells • Very low content (few ppb) of sulphurous compounds • Co-generation (production of power and heat) • Odour treatments

  16. DIGESTED SLURRY AS FERTILISER • Manure slurry after a biogas process has a high value as fertiliser due to: • The organic part of nitrogen is converted to ammoniacal nitrogen (good fertiliser). • Increase infiltration into the soil • The undigested organic matter is recalcitrant and can improved the carbon content of the soil (improve soil structure and trap carbon matter in soil – carbon sequestration) • Reduced odour nuisance during application on farm land • Possible to adjust the nitrogen and phosphorous ratio with a liquid-solid separation

  17. ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS • A biogas plant with a sufficient combustion of biogas and with generation of power and heat has a profound reduction of the emission of greenhouse gases • Collection of methane (global warming potential ~ 25 times CO2) and efficient combustion to CO2 reduces the net emission of CO2-equivalents to the atmosphere • Biogas replaces fossil fuels • Improved fertiliser value • Reduces odour nuisance • Possible co-digestion of farm and industrial co-products • Separation can produce a fertiliser with a nutrient composition the meets the requirements of the crops

  18. ONGOING PROJECTS & TEACHING • Ca. 20 ongoing projects related to biogas • The projects are funded by: • national agencies • EU • private companies • The biogas team comprise 5 scientists and 2 PhD students • 4 courses at MSc. level • Energy crop production ( 5 ETCS points) • Biogas technology (10 ECTS points) • Biomass conversion to energy and fuel (10 ECTS points) • Harvest and handling techniques for energy crops and straw (5 ECTS points)

  19. Biogas scientific staff • Anders Peter Adamsen – Environment and Climate group leader • Henrik Bjarne Møller – Senior Scientist • Anders Michael Nielsen – Assistant Professor • Maibritt Hjorth – Assistant Professor • Alastair Ward – Post doc • PhD students • Chitra Raju • Sutaryo

More Related