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The Progressive Movement: Addressing Social Issues in Early 20th Century America

The Progressive Movement (1900-1917) emerged in response to urban-industrial crises and economic depression. Key issues included child labor, low wages, and poor working conditions, highlighted by muckrakers like Upton Sinclair, whose book "The Jungle" exposed factory abuses. Reformers such as Florence Kelley advocated for the 8-hour workday. Settlement homes, initiated by figures like Jane Addams, sought to alleviate poverty through community engagement. This period also saw movements for women's suffrage and birth control, with the 19th Amendment granting women voting rights in 1920, alongside challenges to racism and the push for prohibition.

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The Progressive Movement: Addressing Social Issues in Early 20th Century America

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  1. CHAPTER 21

  2. PROGRESSIVE MOVEMENT • 1900-1917 • Challenge

  3. ORIGINS • Urban-industrial crisis • Economic depression

  4. INDUSTRIAL PITFALLS • Child labor • Wages • Rights

  5. MUCKRAKERS • Investigative journalism • Expose social evils • Upton Sinclair - The Jungle

  6. Florence Kelley • Factory conditions • 8-hour work day • child labor

  7. SETTLEMENT HOMES • Jane Addams • Community centers • Skills • Problem? • Poverty

  8. PROHIBITION? • Alcohol? • Control • 1920: 18th amendment • Narcotics, smoking

  9. “”THE” SOCIAL EVIL • Prostitution • Week’s pay = Day’s work • Before 1900: legal, rarely enforced laws

  10. BASEBALL • Amusement parks • Movies • Popular • Immigrants, children • Evil

  11. MAP 21.1 Immigration to the United States, 1901–20

  12. Newly landed European immigrant families on the dock at Ellis Island in New York harbor, 1900. Originally a black and white photograph, this image was later color tinted for reproduction as a postcard or book illustration. SOURCE:The Granger Collection,New York.

  13. Japanese • L.A. • Mexicans • S.W. • Jews • NYC

  14. “BIRTH CONTROL” • Margaret Sanger, 1913 • Women: Control own bodies

  15. WOMEN’S SUFFRAGE • 1920, 19th amendment

  16. RACISM • Blacks, racism, and stereotypes • “Coon Songs” • Institutionalized

  17. Jim Crow • Schools separate but “unequal” • $11 per White student, $3 per Black student

  18. TEDDY ROOSEVELT • “Progressive” president • Environment

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