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Protein Synthesis

Protein Synthesis. Use the SUMMARY OF PROTEIN SYNTHESIS handout during this section of notes. Protein Synthesis. The part of the DNA molecule that holds the code for the future protein unwinds and unzips

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Protein Synthesis

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  1. Protein Synthesis Use the SUMMARY OF PROTEIN SYNTHESIS handout during this section of notes.

  2. Protein Synthesis • The part of the DNA molecule that holds the code for the future protein unwinds and unzips • Nucleotides used in the synthesis of mRNA begin moving towards the coding strand of DNA • The mRNA chain is synthesized and is complementary to the coding DNA strand • TRANSCRIPTION

  3. Active DNA Coding Strand T A C G A A T A A T C T C C A G G A A T C A U G C U U A U U A G A G G U C C U U A G mRNA Strand

  4. Active DNA Coding Strand T A C G A A T A A T C T C C A G G A A T C A U G C U U A U U A G A G G U C C U U A G Terminator Codon Initiator Codon mRNA Strand

  5. Protein Synthesis • The mRNA code moves to a ribosome in the cytoplasm • tRNA molecules each possess an anti-codon that aligns opposite the complementary codons on the mRNA strand • Each tRNA brings with it a specific amino acid.

  6. UAC Anti-Codon MET tRNA Amino Acid Active DNA Coding Strand T A C G A A T A A T C T C C A G G A A T C mRNA Strand A U G C U U A U U A G A G G U C C U U A G

  7. Protein Synthesis • The ribosome moves down the mRNA strand • The ribosome begins to read the mRNA in 3 nucleotide chunks (TRANSLATION) • Once it finds the sequence AUG it will begin calling for tRNA molecules to bring amino acids. • AUG is called the initiator codon • This will continue until the ribosome reads a terminator codon • UGA, UAA, UAG

  8. Protein Synthesis • The ribosome moves down the mRNA strand • tRNA molecules align in the sequence dictated by the triplet codon on the mRNA • Amino acids from tRNA’s bond together • Empty tRNA returns to cytoplasm to pick up another amino acid • When ribosome reaches the end of the mRNA strand, it falls off leaving behind a number of amino acids that are linked together to form a protein.

  9. UAC GAA MET LEU Active DNA Coding Strand T A C G A A T A A T C T C C A G G A A T C mRNA Strand A U G C U U A U U A G A G G U C C U U A G

  10. UAC UAA MET ILE Active DNA Coding Strand T A C G A A T A A T C T C C A G G A A T C mRNA Strand A U G C U U A U U A G A G G U C C U U A G GAA MET LEU

  11. Active DNA Coding Strand T A C G A A T A A T C T C C A G G A A T C mRNA Strand A U G C U U A U U A G A G G U C C U U A G GAA UAA MET LEU ILE

  12. UCU ARG Active DNA Coding Strand T A C G A A T A A T C T C C A G G A A T C mRNA Strand A U G C U U A U U A G A G G U C C U U A G GAA UAA MET LEU ILE

  13. UCU ARG Active DNA Coding Strand T A C G A A T A A T C T C C A G G A A T C mRNA Strand A U G C U U A U U A G A G G U C C U U A G UAA MET LEU ILE

  14. UCU CCA ARG GLY Active DNA Coding Strand T A C G A A T A A T C T C C A G G A A T C mRNA Strand A U G C U U A U U A G A G G U C C U U A G UAA MET LEU ILE

  15. CCA GLY Active DNA Coding Strand T A C G A A T A A T C T C C A G G A A T C mRNA Strand A U G C U U A U U A G A G G U C C U U A G UCU MET LEU ILE ARG

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