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Early-Late Middle Ages: Challenges to Church Power

Early-Late Middle Ages: Challenges to Church Power. 476-1500. Power Weakens. S trong govt’s & ppl questioning the wealth & practices= weaken 1294, conflict= King Philip IV of France ordered clergy to pay taxes Pope Boniface popes = ultimate power Arrested, Let go, died after

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Early-Late Middle Ages: Challenges to Church Power

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  1. Early-Late Middle Ages: Challenges to Church Power 476-1500

  2. Power Weakens • Strong govt’s & ppl questioning the wealth & practices= weaken • 1294, conflict= King Philip IV of France ordered clergy to pay taxes • Pope Boniface popes = ultimate power • Arrested, Let go, died after • Next 100 years the church cont. to lose power

  3. Babylonian Captivity & the Great Schism • After Boniface, Philip had a French bishop elected pope= Clement V • Moved to France= Babylonian Captivity (1309-1377) • More lost respect= controlled by French Kings

  4. Babylonian Captivity & the Great Schism • 1377, French pope Gregory XI returned to Rome • He died, cardinals elected an Italian pope, later a French pope • Until 1417 church had 2 or 3 popes= the Great Schism • Council met & ended it= Removed popes & elected an Italian • Both= weakened authority & raised criticism

  5. More Problems • Late 1300’s John Wycliffe, priest & teacher at Oxford University, attacked the wealth & immorality • Wanted to replace pope w/ the Bible • Insisted ppl read & interpret the Bible themselves • Church accused him of heresy & was banned from teaching & forced to retire

  6. More Problems • Jan Hus, a teacher at a the University of Prague, read Wycliffe’s works & spoke out • He was excommunicated & in 1414 declared a heretic = ordered to death • 1415, Burned at the stake • Wycliffe & Hus had a profound impact • Set the stage for later reformers who would drastically alter the history of the Christian church

  7. Quick Review • Why was the conflict between Philip IV & Boniface VIII the beginning of the weakening of church power in the late Middle Ages? • What was the Great/Western Schism and how did it damage the church’s reputation? • According to church critics, where did the real power of the church come from?

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