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Chapter 12 WORLD WAR I

Chapter 12 WORLD WAR I. Section 1: World War I Breaks Out Section 2: The United States Goes to War Section 3: The War at Home Section 4: The War’s End and Aftermath. Section 1: World War I Breaks Out. Objectives:. What were the major causes of unrest in Europe?

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Chapter 12 WORLD WAR I

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  1. Chapter 12 WORLD WAR I Section 1: World War I Breaks Out Section 2: The United States Goes to War Section 3: The War at Home Section 4: The War’s End and Aftermath

  2. Section 1: World War I Breaks Out Objectives: • What were the major causes of unrest in Europe? • What were the results of the early fighting in the war? • Why did the war settle into a stalemate?

  3. Section 1: World War I Breaks Out Causes of unrest in Europe • nationalism and territorial rivalries • strong spirit of militarism • system of alliances that could turn a local conflict into a global war

  4. Section 1: World War I Breaks Out Results of early fighting • France was defeated quickly. • Great Britain was isolated. • A war of attrition began.

  5. Section 1: World War I Breaks Out Reasons for stalemate World War I settled into a stalemate because trench warfare, a new type of fighting involving massive artillery barrages followed by infantry charges, emerged.

  6. Section 2: The United States Goes to War Objectives: • What challenges did the United States face while trying to remain neutral? • What events led to U.S. entry into World War I? • How did the United States prepare its military for war? • What types of experiences did Americans have while serving in Europe?

  7. Section 2: The United States Goes to War Difficulties of neutrality • conflicting sympathies and opinions • British propaganda campaign • British navy blockade • German submarine attacks

  8. Section 2: The United States Goes to War Events leading to U.S. entry into WWI • the German attack on the Sussex in 1916 • German resumption of full-scale U-boat warfare in 1917 • publication of the Zimmerman Note

  9. Section 2: The United States Goes to War U.S. military preparations • Congress passed the Selective Service Act. • Congress established a massive soldier-training program.

  10. Section 2: The United States Goes to War American experiences in Europe • Pershing insisted that the Americans fight as a group. • The troops sailed to Europe using the convoy system. • The Americans marched through Paris, stopping at Lafayette’s tomb. • Army engineers built military and support facilities and communications networks. • American women served as nurses and volunteers.

  11. Section 3: The War at Home Objectives: • How did the U.S. government prepare the nation for war? • How did organized labor and volunteers contribute to the war effort? • Why did African Americans move north? • How did the government create support for, and limit opposition to, the war?

  12. Section 3: The War at Home U.S. preparation for war • The government established programs to finance the war. • Programs established to conserve scare resources. • Industry and labor redirected toward wartime production. • Wilson launched a propaganda campaign.

  13. Section 3: The War at Home Organized labor • filled posts to replace soldiers • went on strike to demand higher wages and benefits • improved working conditions during the war

  14. Section 3: The War at Home Volunteers • conserved energy and recycled essential materials • grew vegetables in victory gardens • purchased liberty bonds • founded support organizations

  15. Section 3: The War at Home Reasons for African Americans to move north • job opportunities • prospect of higher wages • recruitment efforts • better living conditions

  16. Section 3: The War at Home Government management of support • Committee on Public Information issued propaganda. • Dissent on war issues was suppressed.

  17. Section 4: The War’s End and Aftermath Objectives: • What were the final events of World War I? • What were the goals of President Wilson’s Fourteen Points? • What were the terms of the Treaty of Versailles? • Why did the U.S. Senate reject the Treaty of Versailles? • What was the global impact of World War I?

  18. Section 4: The War’s End and Aftermath Final events of World War I • Germans fail to capture Paris in 1918. • Allies push forward in the Argonne offensive. • Mutinies break out in the German army and navy, and civilians riot over food. • Armistice signed on November 11, 1918.

  19. Section 4: The War’s End and Aftermath Goals of the Fourteen Points • provide self-determination • resolution of territorial disputes • end secret diplomacy and the arms race • stop violations of freedom of the seas • end trade barriers

  20. Section 4: The War’s End and Aftermath Terms of the Treaty of Versailles • divided Germany’s colonies and the Ottoman Empire among Allied nations • established a mandate system • created new nations

  21. Section 4: The War’s End and Aftermath Reasons for Senate rejection of Treaty of Versailles • Some senators rejected the League of Nations completely. • Some senators rejected Article 10 in the League Covenant because it might force the U.S. into an unwanted war.

  22. Section 4: The War’s End and Aftermath Global impact of World War I • heavy human cost • heavy economic cost • growing chaos in Germany • territorial disputes in Europe and the Middle East

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