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Motion

Motion. http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_detailpage&v=ku3b4F5eauE. What is Motion ?. Motion A change in distance between two things. One of those things is a reference point. 2. A reference point. is a place or thing

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Motion

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  1. Motion http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_detailpage&v=ku3b4F5eauE

  2. What is Motion? • Motion A change in distance between two things. One of those things is areference point. • 2. A reference point. • is a place or thing that does not move. We use it to decide if something has moved or not. Movement Reference Point

  3. 3. Distance= how far an object has moved. It can be measured in feet, inches, meters, miles, centimeters, etc. If each mark represents 10 cm, what is the distance between the girl and the ball?  ______ Y Axis X Axis

  4. If the girl walks to the red ball, then walks backwards to the bear, how far has she traveled?   ______ Y Axis X Axis 4. Displacement= the distance of a body's change in position from a starting point.   Her final displacement is   ______ from the starting point.

  5. - In order to measure the distance of an object we must use a frame of reference-a viewpoint that describes how something is moving. Point A --------> Point B -These are usually distinct points on the Earth's surface or distinguishing points in the sky that help us. 5. Frame of Reference

  6. 6. Speed= the distance an object travels per unit of time  (sec, hour, year..etc)There are 3 basic ways we measure speed:a. Average speedb. ConstantSpeed-speed stays the same over a long distancec. InstantaneousSpeed-speed at a given moment in time like right now.

  7. Average Speed = total distance traveled total time taken This is useful when you are trying to measure speed, and the object moved at varying speeds throughout the trip.  For instance, if you drove from here to Chicago, you might AVERAGE 60mph, even though you stopped at lights, or slowed down or when 70 at some points on your trip.

  8. Constant Speed vs Changing Speed  Constant speed means that the speed stays the same throughout the entire distance *Very few things can stay at a constant speed.  Rather, things usually move at a constant speed for a period of time.  The cyclist speeds up, slows down, stops..etc

  9. Instantaneous Speed

  10. Speed Equation: Speed (meters/second)  =  distance (in meters)time (sec) s = d/t Other related equations *d= s x t *t= d/s • We use the G.U.E.S.S. Method to solve math problem in science Given UnknownEquationSubstitutionSolution

  11. A second car travels a distance of 100 meters in 20 seconds.  What is this car's speed?   A car travels a distance of 500 m in 10 sec.  What is the car's speed? Given UnknownEquationSubstitutionSolution • 100 m • 20 s Speed s = d/t s=5 m/s s=100 m/20s

  12. More practice.  (Speed = distance/ time) An elevator travels from the first floor to the 25th floor of a building, a distance of 180 meters, in 60 seconds. What is the elevator's speed? Do this using the GUESS Method.

  13. Graphs represent speeds of objects.  This graph shows a bus as it travels its route.   Between what points is the bus accelerating? _____  &  ____ Between what points is the bus moving at a constant speed?                                                                _____  &  _____ Between what points is the bus stopped?  __________ Between what points it the bus decelerating? _________

  14. On graphs that show distance and time, the SLOPE of the line is a measure of the speed of an object.

  15. 1.  Calculate each turtle's speed using the GUESS METHOD: Bill ______ Myrtle ______ Zed ______

  16. 2.  Can you find from the graph, the point where Zed stopped and floated for a while? 2.  Can you find from the graph, the point where Zed stopped and floated for a while? 3.  Which turtle wins the race? 4.  At what time period was Bill and Myrtle's speed the same?

  17. How can you measure the speed of a mealworm?

  18. 7. What is Velocity? Velocity is a measure of the speed of an object AND the direction it is moving in space. (Like forward, backward, sideways, in a circle, E,W,N,S) On the escalator, passengers are moving at the same constant speed, but they are moving in different directions.  Velocity can change even if speed is remaining constant (you just change direction)   

  19. Speed is......._____________________________ Velocity is .... _____________________________

  20. 8. Acceleration = the rate of change of velocity Positive acceleration = speeding upNegative acceleration = slowing down Change in final velocity (vf) - initial velocity (vi) acceleration (m/s2) =   (vf) - (vi)                                      time

  21. Change in velocity is often written as  the triangle indicates "change" acceleration = change in velocity                       change in time If a car moves at a constant velocity, then its acceleration is zero

  22. Calculations A skateboarder is traveling at 8 m/s.  He slows and comes to a stop in 4 sec.  What was the acceleration?  (hint: it is a negative number) What is the Vf?  _____ What is the Vi? _____

  23. A sailboat is moving at 12 m/s when a gust of wind changes its velocity to 18 m/s.  The wind lasts 10 seconds.  For that 10 sec, what was its acceleration? A sailboat is moving at 12 m/s when a gust of wind changes its velocity to 18 m/s.  The wind lasts 10 seconds.  For that 10 sec, what was its acceleration? Use the GUESS method!

  24. Think about this....    What are three ways to change the velocity of a car? Accelerate Decelerate Change direction

  25. Velocity = distance/time 1.  If a person is walking south at 4 m/s, how far can he travel in 30 seconds? 2.  A spaceship can move 100 meters in 2 seconds in orbit from east to west around the Earth.  What is the ship's velocity? 3.  A chicken runs northwest across the street at a speed of 12 m/s.  If the road is 36 meters across, how long does it take for the chicken to cross the road?

  26. QUIZ TIME -  MOTION

  27. 1. Motion indicates a change in _____________ 2.  Motion is relative to a ______________________ 3.  Acceleration is a change in ____________ 4.  Speed =  distance /  ? 5. Velocity is a measure of an object's speed and its                      __________________________

  28. 6.  The slope of the line on the graph will tell you the object's ______________________.  Hint:  You calculated this for the turtle races. 7.  The triangle in the equation represents ________ 8. If you are slowing down, then you have a ____________ acceleration.

  29. EQUATION:  VELOCITY = distance / time with direction 9.  A boat moves 100 meters in  25 seconds.   What is the boat's velocity.  SHOW YOUR WORK by writing the equation with the numbers plugged in.  (1pt) Find the correct answer (1 pt)

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