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Protein Synthesis

Protein synthesis is a fundamental biological process that involves the creation of proteins from amino acids, directed by genetic information. This process occurs in two main stages: transcription and translation. Transcription takes place in the nucleus, where DNA is copied to messenger RNA (mRNA). The mRNA then travels to the cytoplasm, where ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and transfer RNA (tRNA) collaborate to assemble amino acids into a polypeptide chain, forming proteins. Understanding this process is crucial for grasping how genes express traits and how cells function.

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Protein Synthesis

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  1. Protein Synthesis A brief overview • Purpose? • Key Players? • Where does it occur? • How does it work? • WHY?

  2. Purpose? • Synthesize – • Protein Synthesis – • Protein is a chain of amino acids

  3. Key Players? • DNA… (ex: ATGCCGTAATACGGG)

  4. Four types of nucleotides:adenine (A)guanine (G)cytosine (C)thymine (T)

  5. RNA Similarities to DNA Differences from DNA

  6. Types of RNA Messenger RNA (mRNA) -”message carrier”

  7. Types of RNA Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) (workbench) “reading” RNA

  8. Types of RNA Transfer RNA (tRNA) -transfers a.a. - reusable

  9. Where does it occur? How does it work? Nucleus 1.Transcription

  10. Cytoplasm2.Translation ribosome mRNA

  11. Write the central dogma of protein synthesis: Protein Synthesis Video Protein Synthesis Video2

  12. Quick Write Write the steps of protein synthesis and explain the roles of DNA, tRNA, mRNA and rRNA have in the process

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