tasmania

1. tasmania

2. tasmania • Flag : • Coat of arms : • Slogan , Nickname : Island of Inspiration; The Apple Isle; Holiday Isle; Tassie • Motto(s) : Ubertas et Fidelitas (Fertility and Faithfulness) • Capital : Hobart • Demonym : Tasmanian, Taswegian • Government : Constitutional monarchy • - Governor : Peter Underwood • - Premier : Lara Giddings (ALP) • Australian State • - Established as Van Diemen’s Land : 1825 • - Responsible Government as Tasmania : 1856 • Became State : 1901 • Australia Act : 3 March 1986

3. Area • - Total : 90,758 km2 , 30,5042 sq mi - Land : 68,401 km2 , 26,410 sq mi • - Water : 22,357 km2 (24.63%) , 8,632 sq mi • Population (End of March 2012) • - Population : 512,100 (6th) • - Density : 7.24/km2 (4th) , 18.8 /sq mi • Elevation • - Highest : Mount Ossa 1,617 m AHD (5,305 ft) • Gross State Product (2009-10) • - Product ($m) : $22,341 (7th) • - Product per capita : $44,011 (8th) • Time zone : UTC+10 (AEST) , UTC+11 (AEDT) • Federal representation • - House seats : 5 • - Senate seats : 12 • Abbreviations • -Postal : TAS • - ISO 3166-2 : AU-TAS

4. Emblems • - Floral : Tasmania Blue Glum • - Animal : Tasmania Devil • - Bird : Yellow Wattlebird • - Mineral : Crocoite • - Colours : Dark green , red & gold • Website : www.tas.gov.au

5. Etymology • The state is named after Dutch explorerAbel Tasman, who made the first reported European sighting of the island on 24 November 1642. Tasman named the island "Anthony van Diemen's Land" after his sponsor Anthony van Diemen, the Governor of the Dutch East Indies. The name was later shortened to Van Diemen's Land by the British. It was officially renamed Tasmania in honour of its first European discoverer on 1 January 1856. • Tasmania was sometimes referred to as "Dervon", as mentioned in The Jerilderie Letter written by the notorious Australian bushrangerNed Kelly in 1879. The colloquial expression for the state is "Tassie" (pronounced "Tazzie"). This name is often used in advertising campaigns, for example by the Bass Strait ferry, Spirit of Tasmania. Tasmania is also colloquially shortened to "Tas" (pronounced "Taz"), especially when used in business names and website addresses. TAS is also the Australia Post abbreviation for the state. • The name for Tasmania in Palawakani is "Lutriwita"

6. Physical history • The island is believed to have been joined to the mainland of Australia until the end of the last glacial periodapproximately 10,000 years ago. Much of the island is composed of Jurassicdolerite intrusions (upwellings of magma) through other rock types, sometimes forming large columnar joints. Tasmania has the world's largest areas of dolerite, with many distinctive mountains and cliffs formed from this rock type. • The central plateau and the southeast portions of the island are mostly dolerite. Mount Wellington above Hobart is a good example, showing distinct columns known as the Organ Pipes. In the southern midlands as far south as Hobart, the dolerite is underlaid by sandstone and similar sedimentary stones. In the southwest,Precambrianquartzites was formed from very ancient sea sediments and form strikingly sharp ridges and ranges, such as Federation Peak or Frenchmans Cap. • In the northeast and east, continental granites can be seen, such as at Freycinet, similar to coastal granites on mainland Australia. In the northwest and west, mineral-rich volcanic rock can be seen at Mount Read near Rosebery, or at Mount LyellnearQueenstown. Also present in the south and northwest is limestone with magnificent caves. • The quartzite and dolerite areas in the higher mountains show evidence of glaciation, and much of Australia's glaciated landscape is found on the Central Plateau and the Southwest. Cradle Mountain, another dolerite peak, for example, was a nunatak. The combination of these different rock types offers incredible scenery, much of it distinct from any other region of the world. In the far southwest corner of the state, the geology is almost completely quartzite, which gives the mountains the false impression of having snow-capped peaks year round.

7. Government • The form of the government of Tasmania is prescribed in its constitution, which dates from 1856, although it has been amended many times since then. Since 1901, Tasmania has been a state of the Commonwealth of Australia, and the Australian Constitution regulates its relationship with the Commonwealth and prescribes which powers each level of government enjoys.

8. politics • Tasmania is a State in the Australian federation. Its relationship with the Federal Government and Parliament are regulated by the Australian Constitution. Tasmania is represented in the Senate by 12 senators, on an equal basis with all other states. In the House of Representatives, Tasmania is entitled to five seats, which is the minimum allocation for a state guaranteed by the Constitution the number of House of Representatives seats for each state is otherwise decided on the basis of their relative populations, and Tasmania has never qualified for five seats on that basis alone. Tasmania's House of Assembly use a system of multi-seat proportional representation known as Hare-Clark. • At the 2002 state election, the Labor Party won 14 of the 25 House seats. The Liberal Party saw their percentage of the vote decrease dramatically, and their representation in the Parliament fell to seven seats. The Greens won four seats, with over 18% of the popular vote, the highest proportion of any Green party in any parliament in the world at that time.

9. Economy • Tasmania's erratic economy was first experienced by colonists in the early 19th century. The reasons have been many and varied over the years. Lack of a federal infrastructure highway, lack of a gold rush, lack of open immigration initiatives, lack of population, decline in the wool and mineral economies, lack of early colonial initiatives, or lack of foreign investment have all been attributed as reasons for the erraticism of the economy. For the length of colonial history of Tasmania, a continuing exodus of youth to mainland Australia to seek employment opportunities has occurred.

10. Demography • Tasmania's population is unusually homogeneous. The state receives relatively little immigration, and an estimated 10,000 or fewer "founding families" in the mid-19th century are the ancestors of about 65% of its residents. As of 1996 more than 80% of Tasmanians were born in the state and almost 90% were born in Australia, New Zealand, Great Britain, and Ireland. The homogeneity makes it an attractive location to study population genetics. As of 2008, Tasmania is the only state in Australia which has an above-replacement total fertility rate. Tasmanian women have an average of 2.24 children each.This is also the highest TFR recorded in Tasmania after 1975.Major population centres include Hobart, Launceston, Devonport, Burnie, as well as the state's largest town of Ulverstone – excluding Kingston, which is often defined as part of the Greater Hobart Area.

11. Events • To foster tourism, the state government encourages or supports several annual events in and around the island. The best known of these is the Sydney to Hobart Yacht Race, starting on Boxing Day in Sydney and usually arriving at Constitution Dock in Hobart around three to four days later, during the Taste of Tasmania, an annual food and wine festival. Other events include the road rallyTarga Tasmania which attracts rally drivers from around the world and is staged all over the state, over five days. Rural or regional events include Agfest, a three-day agricultural show held atCarrick (just west of Launceston) in early May and the Royal Hobart Show and Royal Launceston Show, both held in October annually. Music events held in Tasmania include the Falls FestivalatMarion Bay (a Victorian event now held in both Victoria and Tasmania on New Year's Eve), MS Fest is a charity music event held in Launceston, to raise money for those with multiple sclerosis. Recent additions to the state arts events calendar include the 10 Days on the Island arts festival, and MONA FOMA, run by David Walsh and curated by Brian Ritchie.

12. Cuisine • During colonial times the cuisines of the British Isles were the standard in most areas of Tasmania. Tasmania now has a wide range of restaurants, in part due to the arrival of immigrants and changing cultural patterns. Scattered across Tasmania are many vineyards, and Tasmanian beer brands such as Boags and Cascade are known and sold in Mainland Australia. King Island off the northwestern coast of Tasmania has a reputation for boutique cheesesand dairy products. Tasmanians are also consumers of seafood, such as crayfish, orange roughy, salmonandoysters, both farmed and wild.

13. Sport • Sport is not only an important pastime in Tasmania, the state has produced several famous sportsmen and women and also hosted several major sporting events. The Tasmanian Tigers cricket team represents the state successfully (for example the Sheffield Shield in 2007, 2011 and 2013) and plays its home games at the Bellerive Oval, Hobart; also the site of international cricket matches. Famous Tasmanian cricketers include David Boon and former Australian captain Ricky Ponting. • Australian Rules Football is also popularly followed, with occasional discussion of a proposed Tasmanian team in the Australian Football League (AFL). Several AFL games have been played at the Aurora Stadium, York Park Launceston, including the Hawthorn Football Club and as of 2012, at the Bellerive Oval with the North Melbourne Football Club playing 3 home games there. The stadium was the site of an infamous match between St KildaandFremantle which was controversially drawn after the umpires failed to hear the final siren. • Association football (soccer) is played throughout the state, with discussion of a Tasmanian Hyundai A-league Club building on the existing Southern Premier League and the Northern Premier League. Tasmania hosts the Moorilla International tennis tournament as part of the lead up to the Australian Open and is played at the Hobart International Tennis Centre, Hobart. The Sydney to Hobart Yacht Race run every year between Boxing Day and New Year since 1945, finishes in Hobart. • While some of the other sports played and barracked for have grown in popularity, others have declined. For example in basketball Tasmania has not been represented in the National Basketball League since the demise of the Hobart Devils in 1996.

14. Notable people • Notable people from Tasmania include: • ★F. Matthias Alexander (1869–1955)—originator of the Alexander Technique • ★ FormerV8 Supercar and current NASCAR driver Marcos Ambrose (2003–2004 champion of V8 Supercar) • ★Anglican Archbishop of Brisbane and Primate of Australia Phillip Aspinall • actor Simon Baker, star of The Mentalist • ★Elizabeth Blackburn, first woman from Australia to win a Nobel Prize • ★ Australian cricketer David Boon • ★ RetiredV8 Supercar driver John Bowe (1995 champion) • ★Bob Clifford, owner and founder of Incat • ★Robert Fahey, real tennis player. • ★ actorErrol Flynn • ★ world champion woodchopperDavid Foster • ★John Gellibrand, founder of Legacy • ★ drummerDave Haley from technical death metal band Psycroptic and black metal band Ruins (metal band) • ★ composerDon Kay

15. ★ author Christopher Koch • ★ Joseph Lyons, Prime Minister of Australia • ★ his wife Dame Enid Lyons, the first woman member of the House of Representatives • ★ former ATP Tennis player David Macpherson • ★ Crown Princess Mary of Denmark (Mary Donaldson) • ★ author and permaculturalistBill Mollison, Right Livelihood Award, 1981 • ★ dancer and choreographer Graeme Murphy • ★ CyclistLuke Ockerby • ★ AustraliancricketerRicky Ponting • ★ CyclistRichie Porte • ★ composerPeter Sculthorpe • ★ actressRachael Taylor • ★ Truganini, last surviving full-blooded Tasmanian Aborigine • ★ David Walsh—Owner and founder of MONA

16. Members in group • 1. Kittikhun SiangchokyooCalss 4/8 No. 1 • 2. PakapopAnanjit Class 4/8 No. 6 • 3. SupasornKotchompoo Class 4/8 No. 8 • 4. NaruemonNamonltree Class 4/8 No. 29 • 5. ParichartKamaporn Class 4/8 No. 33