Simple Carbs

1. Simple Carbs The “-ose” Sugars!

2. Simple CARBS ( called sugars) • Found naturally in fruits, veggies, milk and milk products, and breads and cereals • Include sugars added in “refining” process • Processed foods with added sugar have fewer nutrients than “natural” sugars .

3. Simple Sugars “-ose” • Simple sugars end in “–ose” • Simple sugars can be either in one unit called “monosaccharides” or two units called “disaccharides”.

4. Monosaccharides Glucose-blood sugar Fructose- fruit sugar Galactose-found in lactose Disaccharides Sucrose- table sugar Maltose-malt sugar Lactose-milk sugar Types of Simple Sugars

5. Glucose- (Blood Sugar) • Monosaccharide • Simplest form of a carbohydrate • Sometimes called “blood sugar” • Ready to use “fuel”

6. Fructose (fruit sugar) • Monosaccharide • Sometimes called “fruit sugar” • Converts slowly to glucose in liver • Tastes “sweet” • Results in slower rise in blood glucose

7. Galactose • Monosaccharide • Not found “freely” in foods • A part of lactose

8. Sucrose (table sugar) • Disaccharide • Made of a glucose and a fructose • Enzyme breaks apart sucrose • Liver converts fructose to glucose • Produces “sweet” taste

9. Lactose (milk sugar) • Disaccharide • Found in mammals milk • Made of glucose and a galactose units • Liver converts galactose to glucose

10. Maltose (malt or seed sugar) • Disaccharide • Made of 2 glucose units • Comes from the malt part of a seed • Produces fast rise in blood sugar

11. Brown sugar Corn sweetener Corn syrup Dextrose Fructose Fruit juice concentrates Glucose High-fructose corn syrups Honey Invert sugar Lactose Maltose Malt Syrup Molasses Raw Sugar Sucrose Sugar Syrup “Added Sugar” to Look For