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CE5504 – Surface Water Quality Modeling

CE5504 Surface Water Quality Modeling. General Lecture 2. Model Development. CE5504 – Surface Water Quality Modeling. Empirical Models. Secchi disk and chlorophyll. (Chapra 1997, Figure 29.6). CE5504 – Surface Water Quality Modeling. Empirical Models. Vollenwieder plot .

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CE5504 – Surface Water Quality Modeling

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  1. CE5504 Surface Water Quality Modeling General Lecture 2. Model Development CE5504 – Surface Water Quality Modeling

  2. Empirical Models Secchi disk and chlorophyll (Chapra 1997, Figure 29.6) CE5504 – Surface Water Quality Modeling

  3. Empirical Models Vollenwieder plot (Chapra 1997, Figure 29.1) CE5504 – Surface Water Quality Modeling

  4. Linked Empirical-Mechanistic Models (Chapra 1997, Figure 29.4) CE5504 – Surface Water Quality Modeling

  5. Mechanistic Mass Balance Models (Chapra 1997, Figure 1.5) CE5504 – Surface Water Quality Modeling

  6. Temporal Resolution (Chapra 1997, Figure 18.8) CE5504 – Surface Water Quality Modeling

  7. Spatial Resolution (Chapra 1997, Figure 16.1) CE5504 – Surface Water Quality Modeling

  8. Time and Space Scale of Water Quality Problems (Chapra 1997, Figure 18.9) CE5504 – Surface Water Quality Modeling

  9. Kinetic Resolution Soluble Reactive Phosphorus Total Phosphorus Dissolved Organic Phosphorus Refractory Particulate Phosphorus Available Particulate Phosphorus CE5504 – Surface Water Quality Modeling

  10. The Guiding Principle Things should be made as simple as possible -- but no simpler. Albert Einstein image source: www.physik.uni-frankfurt.de/~jr/physpiceinstein.html

  11. unlimited cost desired reliability Model Reliability cost + $ cost Model Complexity Defensible, Credible, Cost-Effective

  12. Striking a Balance Model Complexity Screening  Management  Research

  13. Modeling: Historical Development • 1925-1960 (Streeter-Phelps) • Problems: untreated and primary effluent • Pollutants: BOD • Systems: streams and estuaries (1D) • Kinetics: linear, feed forward • Solutions: analytical (Chapra 1997) CE5504 – Surface Water Quality Modeling

  14. Modeling: Historical Development • 1960-1970 (Computerization) • Problems: primary and secondary effluent • Pollutants: BOD • Systems: streams and estuaries (1D/2D) • Kinetics: linear, feed forward • Solutions: analytical and numerical (Chapra 1997) CE5504 – Surface Water Quality Modeling

  15. Modeling: Historical Development • 1970-1977 (Biology) • Problems: eutrophication • Pollutants: nutrients • Systems: streams, lakes and estuaries (1D/2D/3D) • Kinetics: nonlinear, feedback • Solutions: numerical (Chapra 1997) CE5504 – Surface Water Quality Modeling

  16. Modeling: Historical Development • 1977- 2000 (Toxics) • Problems: toxics • Pollutants: organics, metals • Systems: sediment-water interactions • food chain interations, streams, lakes and estuaries • Kinetics: linear, feed forward • Solutions: analytical (Chapra 1997) CE5504 – Surface Water Quality Modeling

  17. Whitefish Benthic Invertebrates Phytoplankton Modeling: Historical Development • 2000 - present (Ecosytems) • Problems: ecosystem change, climate, invasives • Pollutants: natural components – carbon, nutrients, organisms • Systems: primary production, food web interactions • Kinetics: nonlinear, feedback • Solutions: numerical (Chapra 1997) CE5504 – Surface Water Quality Modeling

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