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Chapter 16 Exploration and Expansion

Chapter 16 Exploration and Expansion. Section Four: The Spanish and Dutch Empires. I. Spain’s Colonial Empire. Spain most powerful nation Natural resources provided vast riches Ponce de Leon- explored Florida for the fountain of youth Conquests- Conquistadores Hernan Cortes

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Chapter 16 Exploration and Expansion

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  1. Chapter 16 Exploration and Expansion Section Four: The Spanish and Dutch Empires

  2. I. Spain’s Colonial Empire • Spain most powerful nation • Natural resources provided vast riches • Ponce de Leon- explored Florida for the fountain of youth • Conquests- Conquistadores • Hernan Cortes • Invaded Mexico- captured Montezuma • Captured and destroyed Aztec city of Tenochtitlan • Francisco Pizarro • Invaded Peru and claimed Inca land for Spain • Took gold from statues and religious objects • Colonial government and society • viceroys- represented monarchy in colonies • European diseases wiped out native populations

  3. II. Spain’s Colonial Rivals A. Few countries had success at claiming lands and capturing riches from the New World

  4. III. Charles V • King of Spain and elected Holy Roman Emperor • Expected to adopt Spanish views and German aims • Continuous religious wars 1. Devastated Spain and Holy Roman Empire • Divided empires • Philip II received Spain- Spanish Habsburgs • Ferdinand I became Holy Roman Emperor- Austrian Habsburgs

  5. IV. Philip II • Devout Spanish King • Nearly paralyzed his administration • Wars to defend Catholicism • Attempted invasion of England and France • Costliest mistake • Policies toward the Netherlands • Ignored long tradition of self-rule • Taxed Dutch trade heavily • Persecuted the Calvinists

  6. V. The Rise of the Dutch • The Netherlands break from Spain • William of Orange led a revolt against Philip • 1579- northern provinces declare independence • Dutch Society • Seafaring people- expert sailors and shipmakers • Calvinists became dominant religious group • The Dutch Colonial Empire • 1602- Dutch East India Company • Solely a business deal

  7. VI. Spanish Empire Declines • Reasons for decline • Growing population and shortages • Nobles chose military service instead of industries • Persecution of non catholic religions • Gold and silver passed through

  8. FUN FACTS • Guinness Book Of Records holds the record for being the book most stolen from Public Libraries. • The average person over fifty will have spent 5 years waiting in lines. • The toothbrush was invented in 1498. • 40,000 Americans are injured by toilets each year

  9. Assignment • Section 3 and 4 Quiz tom.

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