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The entry of the United States into World War I in 1917 marked a pivotal shift in global dynamics. Initially, President Wilson promoted neutrality, grappling with public opinion and significant economic ties to the Allies. Events such as the Lusitania sinking and the Zimmerman telegram challenged this stance. Wilson's vision for a new world order conflicted with ongoing conflicts, ultimately leading to the U.S. declaring war. This resource outlines key events, legislation, and the socio-political landscape of America during this period, shaping the war's outcome and influencing post-war policies.
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American Entrance • Teams were made “Allies” vs. “Central Powers” • U.S. is “neutral” in thought as well as in action • Fit into Wilson’s worldview • U.S. could demonstrate a higher moral position • Economics of war • Boom during wartime • The Allies trading activities increased
Cont…. • Neutrality difficult • The ties that bind • Economics • Common language, ancestry, and culture • Wilson’s vision conflicted with neutrality • Fears of world ruled by German imperialism To shape the peace U.S. would have to fight!
What exactly was it? • Germany and England pushing and pulling U.S. into war • 1915: Berlin proclaimed waters around Great Britain a war zone • Wilson responds with “strict accountability” • Lusitania sunk: 128 Americans lost • Exposes division in public opinion • TR calls Wilson’s patience “cowardice” • National Security League established: lobby of bankers and industrialists working to build up patriotism and promoting military training
Cont….. • Patience and diplomacy initial success • March 1916 Sussex sinks: several Americans injured • In the meantime loans toward the Allies substantially outweigh that going to the Central Powers • 1916 Wilson wins re-election with the slogan “he kept us out of war” • On the battlefield a stalemate, back to the ocean depths
Cont…. • Zimmerman telegram • Coded message to Germany’s ambassador in Mexico • Declare war and we will help win back lost territory • April 2, 1917 Wilson appeals for a declaration of war • Key factors: • German attacks on American shipping • U.S. economic investment in the Allied cause • American cultural links to the Allies, especially England
Ending the War • Europe broken • Wilson goes to Versailles for signing of treaty to end war, 1918 • The Big Four had little interest in Wilson reforms • Germans left holding the bag
War Time American Events • Groups of THREE • Create a timeline of the following terms in relation to WWI events: • Selective Service Act • Espionage Act • WIB • Sedition Act • NWLB • League of Nations • CPI • Provide dates and a definition/explanation of the term