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World War II

World War II. Chapter 26. Road to War. Section 1. The Rise of Dictators. Dictator – a leader who takes control by force Adolf Hitler – Germany Nazi Party Anti-Semitism – hatred of the Jewish race Ended democracy – totalitarian rule Benito Mussolini – Italy

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World War II

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  1. World War II Chapter 26

  2. Road to War Section 1

  3. The Rise of Dictators • Dictator – a leader who takes control by force • Adolf Hitler – Germany • Nazi Party • Anti-Semitism – hatred of the Jewish race • Ended democracy – totalitarian rule • Benito Mussolini – Italy • Fascism – extreme nationalism and racism • Joseph Stalin – Soviet Union (Communism) • Japan – military led gov’t invaded China

  4. American Neutrality • US wanted nothing to do w/ world conflict • Neutrality Acts – no sale of weapons to nations at war

  5. Germany on the Move • Munich Conference – no more German expansion (Britain, France Germany) • Soviet-German Non-Aggressive Pact • Putting force near the Rhineland, Austria and Czechoslovakia

  6. Germany

  7. Germany France

  8. Great Britain Germany France

  9. Great Britain Germany France Italy

  10. Soviet Union Great Britain Germany France Italy

  11. War Begins Section 2

  12. Germany Invades: Poland • Blitzkrieg – lightning war (quick strike) • September 1, 1939 • Germany & Sov. Un. split Poland 50/50 • Britain and France declare war • Little they could do • Soviets attack: Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, and Finland

  13. Finland Estonia Soviet Union Latvia Lithuania Great Britain Poland Germany France Italy

  14. The War Expands • Maginot Line – fortified line between Belgium and Switzerland • Major dividing line in the west • Hitler attacked: Denmark, Norway, Netherlands, Belgium • Axis Powers formed (Germany, Italy, later on Japan • June 14, 1940 – blitz and capture Paris

  15. Finland Norway Estonia Soviet Union Netherlands Latvia Denmark Lithuania Great Britain Poland Germany Belgium France Italy

  16. Finland Norway Estonia Soviet Union Netherlands Latvia Denmark Lithuania Great Britain Poland Germany . Paris Maginot Line Belgium France Italy

  17. Countries Czechoslovakia Austria Switzerland Sweden Hungary Cities London Warsaw Rome Moscow Berlin Bodies of Water Mediterranean Sea Black Sea English Channel North Sea Baltic Sea Adriatic Sea Atlantic Ocean On your MAP:

  18. The Battle of Britain • German Air Attacks on London • Many civilian deaths • Britain never gave up • Nazis never gained control • Germans gave up

  19. “We shall defend our island, whatever the cost may be. We shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the fields and in the streets, we shall fight in the hills; we shall never surrender.” - Winston Churchill Battle of Britain

  20. Blitzkrieg in Poland • Blitz in Paris • Battle of Britain Finland Norway Estonia Soviet Union Netherlands Latvia Denmark Lithuania Great Britain 1 Poland 3 Germany . Paris Maginot Line Belgium 2 France Italy

  21. Germany Turns East • Frustrated by not winning Britain Hitler attacks the Soviet Union • June 1941 • This broke a non-aggressive pact that the two countries had

  22. Election of 1940 • FDR runs and wins a 3rd Term • 1st time ever • “Your boys are not going to be sent into any foreign wars.”

  23. US Begins Involvement • Lend-Lease – supplying arms to other countries • Atlantic Charter • End “Nazi Tyranny” • Disarmament and freedom for the whole world

  24. Pearl Harbor • Dec. 7, 1941 – 7:55 am – Hawaii • Japanese sneak attack • 8 battleships, 3 cruisers, 4 other ships • 2,400 killed “… a date that will live in infamy.” - Franklin D. Roosevelt

  25. US Declares War • Dec. 7, 1941 US declares war on Japan • 3 days later Axis Powers declare war on US • Congress approves war on Axis Powers

  26. On the Home Front Section 3

  27. Raising the Army • Selective Service Act – Draft • 15,000,000 joined military • 350,000 women • Mobilization – preparations for war

  28. Financing the War • $320 billion • Income Tax & war bonds

  29. Factories • Traded consumer goods for war goods • 70,000 ships • 100,000 tanks and airplanes • Millions of guns • Very efficient • Prosperity returns to US

  30. Sacrifices • Families separated • Goods rationed: consumers can only buy a limited amount

  31. Women in the War Activity: what do you think the role of a women was prior to 1940? • Military • Worked in factories • Rosie the Riveter • Lost jobs after the war • Opinions changed about women

  32. African Americans • 700,000 served in military • Tuskegee Airmen • Equal Rights movement in factories • Migration north – racial tensions “You say we’re fightin’ for democracy, then why don’t democracy include me?” - Langston Hughes

  33. Native Americans • Code talkers – Navajo language • Ira Hayes raises flag at Iwo Jima

  34. Hispanic Americans • 500,000 served • 17 Mexicans awarded the Congressional Medal of Honor

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