Bell Ringer

1. Bell Ringer • M.socrative.com – Room #38178 • Questions: (multiple choice on devices!) • FILL IN THE BLANK • 1. The fast, “show-off” piano piece I need to know is Liszt’s __________________. • 2. The slow, “lullaby-esque” piano piece I need to know is Chopin’s __________________.

2. Music Recognition Practice Quiz Tomorrow!

3. “practice” quiz • I will play the examples one by one. • Write the number of the example next to the title of the piece you think is being played. • Once all pieces have been played, we will go over the answers, so you know which ones you need to study • http://nohsbands.weebly.com/the-romantic-period.html

4. Romantic music Marches & JOHN PHILIP SOUSA!!!

5. The March • A piece of music with strong regular rhythm written for military bands to play as they marched • 120 BPM • Good moving tempo • Very repetitive • Pieces were memorized

6. The March • Much more straight-forward than other Romantic compositions • Key center is easy to find • Not trying to depict a story • High Energy – easy to tap along to • Easy to march to! • Very pleasing to the ear – little dissonance

7. John Philip Sousa • 1854-1932 • The American March King • Kenneth Alford is considered the “British March King” • JPS is SO much better!!! • Known for American military and patriotic marches • Was enlisted in the US Marine Band • Wrote and conducted from 1880 (age 26) to his death • Wrote 136 Marches

8. John Philip Sousa • Began his career as a violin player • His father enlisted him in the US Marines • Left in 1875, but then came back • Served there for 12 years as the band director • When he left the Marine Band, he formed his own band • Toured Europe, Austrailia

9. Quick Questions… • What’s the difference between a BAND and an ORCHESTRA? • NO STRING INSTRUMENTS • Why would they not want strings (violins, violas, cellos, and basses) in the military bands? • Because they don’t like the weather!

10. Quick Questions… • What’s a SOUSAPHONE? • The instrument was developed by John Philip Sousa to make a tuba player’s life easier • It’s a wrap-around tuba • Get’s the weight off one shoulder and distributes it evenly

11. March Form • As the “march pioneer,” John Philip Sousa created the “march form.” • 98% of marches follow this form! • This is a made up statistic… but probably close! • Can you name his most famous march? • STARS AND STRIPES FOREVER • The National March of the United States of America • NOT the National Anthem… that’s not a march!

12. March Form • Stars & Stripes Forever • Every march begins with a short INTRODUCTION • 0-6 seconds

13. March Form • Stars & Stripes Forever • Then comes the FIRST STRAIN • First melody • Repeated in full • 8-38 seconds

14. March Form • Stars & Stripes Forever • Then comes the SECOND STRAIN • A second melody • Repeated in full • Generally (not always) louder than the first strain • 38-1:09

15. March Form • Stars & Stripes Forever • Then comes the TRIO • Key change • More lyrical in nature (longer rhythms) • Generally (not always) softer than first two strains • NOT REPEATED • 1:09-1:40

16. March Form • Stars & Stripes Forever • Then comes the BREAK STRAIN • Sometimes referred to as the “dog fight” • Low voices vs. high voices • AGGRESSIVE and LOUD • (it is repeated, but after the final strain… the break strain and final strain are repeated together.) • 1:40-2:04

17. March Form • Stars & Stripes Forever • Finally, the FINAL STRAIN • Using the melody from the trio • Often (though not always) a piccolo solo will happen • (it is repeated, but after the final strain… the break strain and final strain are repeated together.) • 2:04-2:34

18. March Form • Stars & Stripes Forever • And it ends with… • A repeat of the Break Strain and Final Strain • The Final Strain is usually ALL OUT LOUD the second time • BIG FINALE! • 2:34

19. The March form (summed up) • (Introduction) • 1stStrain – first melody, section is repeated • 2nd Strain – new melody, section is repeated • Trio – key chain, more lyrical melody • Break Strain/ “Dog Fight” – new aggressive melody • Final Strain – trio melody with ornamented flourishes added • The Break Strain and Final Strain are repeated

20. Sousa Marches • Another Sousa march you may have heard… • The Washington Post • Can you point out the strains? • Once you’ve heard one march… you’ve just about heard them all 

21. If you get the Manhattan Beach March, there is NOT a repeat of the break and final strain in that one (just put NONE in the last row.) Small Group Activity • In Groups of 2-3 • Each group will receive a handout with the title of a famous march • It may or may not be written by John Philip Sousa • On your devices, go to my webpage (link is typed up on the handout) and click on your march to listen to it. • Determine where each part of the March Form occurs (write the start and stop time next to each strain title.) • Turn your worksheet in once finished

22. Quiz Questions to study Because it’s been so long since we’ve taken these notes, I am giving you which questions to study. TAKE ADVANTAGE OF THIS OPPORTUNITY!! • Romantic Music 1 Notes • 2. What are 3 characteristics of Romantic music? • 3. What created emotion in music? • 4. How did the orchestra change? • 8. Besides Beethoven, where does the Romantic change start? • 9. What does “lieder” mean and what is it? • Romantic Music 2 Notes • 4. How did Romantic composers compose program music? • 6. What is the Romantic period known as? • Romantic Music 3 Notes • 1. What 3 countries dominated opera? • 3. What is Rossini’s most famous opera? • 5. Who was the master of Romantic opera? • 6. What is a leitmotif? • Romantic Music 4 Notes • WHAT IS A MARCH? Other questions will be on your TEST in a few weeks, but these are the only ones that will appear on your QUIZ tomorrow.