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Understanding Geography: Modern Technologies, Map Distortion, and Human-Environment Interaction

Explore the fascinating world of geography through modern technologies like GPS and GIS, which use coordinates and layered data to pinpoint locations and visualize geographic information. Discover how aerial photography reveals changes in land use over time, and utilize tools like Google Earth and satellite imagery for global insights. Learn about various map projections and their distortions, including equal-area and conformal types. Delve into the five themes of geography—place, region, location, human-environment interaction, and spatial interaction—revealing how geography shapes our understanding of the world.

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Understanding Geography: Modern Technologies, Map Distortion, and Human-Environment Interaction

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Geography: Its Nature and Perspectives Unit 1

  2. Modern Technology • Global Positioning Systems (GPS) use latitude and longitude coordinates to determine an exact location on Earth. • Geographic Information Systems (GIS) use geographic information and layers it into a new map showing specific types of geographic data.

  3. Modern Technology • Aerial photography allows geographers to see land use changing over time by comparing pictures of places from years past to current photographs. • Google Earth, satellite images, and remote sensing bring places from around the world onto our computer screens.

  4. Map Distortion • Equal-area projection: keep the size or amount of area intact but distorts shapes. • Ex: Goodes-Homsoline projection

  5. Map Distortion • Conformal maps: distort area but keeps shapes intact. Distance between latitude lines increases the farther one moves away from the common line of latitude • Ex: Lambert conic projection

  6. Map Distortion • Mercator map projection: all lines of latitude and longitude meet at right angles, it greatly exaggerates the land forms around the polar regions.

  7. Map Classes and Types • Cylindrical- shows true direction but loses distance • Planar (azimuthal)- shows true direction and examines the Earth from one point • Conic-puts a cone over the Earth and tries to keep distance intact but loses directional qualitites. • Oval (Molleweide)- combo of cylindrical and conic projections

  8. Map Classes and Types Cylindrical Planar Conic Oval

  9. 5 Themes of Geography • Place • Region • Location • Human-Environment Interaction • Spatial Interaction or Movement

  10. 5 Themes of Geography: Human-Environment Interaction & Spatial Interaction • Human-Environment Interaction- describes how people modify or alter the environment to fit individual or societal needs • Spatial Interaction- describes how linked is a place to the outside world

  11. 6 Essential Elements in Geography • The Spatial World • Places and Regions • Physical Systems • Human Systems • Environment and Society • Uses of Geography in Today’s Society

  12. 6 Elements • Spatial World- No place is alone, everywhere is somehow connected or linked to the outside world • Places and Regions- Assign characteristics to particular locations and link them based on commonalities. • Physical Systems- Physical barriers that prevent the movement of people across landscapes

  13. 6 Elements • Human Systems- Anything humans have done to modify the Earth’s surface. • Environment and Society-Use of land for economic or another type of advantage • Uses of Geography in Today’s Society- How we use geography

  14. Spatial Regions Human Systems Physical Systems Today Environment and Society

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