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The Role of Carbon in Organic Molecules and Macromolecules

This overview explores the significance of carbon in organic molecules and macromolecules crucial for life. Carbon's versatility stems from its four valence electrons, allowing it to form various covalent bonds—single, double, and triple. It serves as the backbone for essential biomolecules like carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, each fulfilling unique functions in energy storage, structure, and genetic information. Understanding carbon’s ability to create diverse molecular shapes, from chains to rings, sheds light on its role in biological systems and macromolecular interactions.

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The Role of Carbon in Organic Molecules and Macromolecules

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Which element?

  2. Carbon and Macromolecules Organic Molecules created and maintained by cells

  3. CARBON the Atom

  4. Versatile Element • 4 electrons = 4 bonds • Covalent bonds • Energy stored in each bond • Single, double and triple bonds

  5. Bonds

  6. Extremes GRAPHENE SHEETS DIAMONDS

  7. Compounds: Gas, liquid or solid FOSSIL FUELS

  8. Carbon Molecule shapes: • Lines fuels, fats • Branching Chains starches • Sheets pencil “lead” • Crystals diamonds • Rings odors • Chairs/boats sugars • Balls • Tubes

  9. Nanotechnology Buckyball or Buckminsterfullerene Buckytube Atomic wires STOP http://screen.yahoo.com/the-colbert-report/jack-andraka-040000753.html

  10. MACROMOLECULES What is food? Why do we eat?

  11. Carbohydrates • Energy and structure

  12. Polysaccharides • Saccharides • glucose, galactose, fructose • C, H, O • C6H1206 1C:2H:10

  13. Proteins • Structure and Work

  14. Polypeptides • Amino acids • C, H, O, N

  15. Lipids • Energy Storage, Insulation, Hormones, Waterproofing

  16. Lipids • Fatty acids + glycerol • C, H, O (no constant ratio)

  17. Genetic Material • Cell Instructions, Reproduction & History of Species

  18. Nucleic Acids • Nucleotides • C, H, O, P

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