1. Bell Ringer If you were designing a civilization… Where would it be located? Why? What are the disadvantages and advantages of this area?

2. Seafaring Traders Minoans Mycenaeans Phoenicians

3. MINOANS • Traders in the Mediterranean Sea • Island of Crete • Southern edge of Aegean Sea • Major influenceon the Greeks • Knossos: capital city

4. Minoans – Capital: Knossos

5. Minos’ palace – Throne Room

6. Minoan Life • Peaceful • Loved nature • Athletic people • Boxing • Wrestling • bull leaping • Cult of the bull • Sacrifices to gods

7. Women • Higher rank than other cultures • A Great Mother Earth Goddess ruled over other gods of Crete • Priestesses took charge of shrines • Aided by male assistants

8. King Minos • Had a Minotaur (half man – half bull) as a pet • Kept the monster locked in a labyrinth (maze) of which there was no escape! • Later, Greek myths will include this mythical creature • Ex. Percy Jackson

9. What happened? • Natural disasters • 1470 BCE – Earthquake or volcano • Unable to rebuild cities • Possibly taken over by invaders • Phoenicians become most powerful traders in Mediterranean

10. Mycenaeans

11. Mycenaean Culture • Came to power when Minoans disappear • Lived on Greek mainland • Great warrior nation: “Heroic Age” • We know this from pictures and written records

12. Mycenaean Culture • Perseus (from Greek mythology) supposedly founded Mycenae • Setting in the Iliad • Important place during the Trojan War • Agamemnon’s brother is married to Helen, who runs off with Paris from Troy…starting the Trojan War • Influenced Greek religion and mythology

13. Phoenicians - Geography • Rose to power during the Dark Age • City-States – Byblos, Tyre, Sidon – trading centers

14. Phoenicians Trading • Trading Centers/Colonies • Northern coast of Africa • Coasts of Sicily, Sardinia, and Spain • Greatest colony - Carthage • Items traded: • Purple dye • Wood, metal, glass, and ivory products • Goods from other lands • slaves • weapons • wine

15. Phoenician Accomplishments Went past the Strait of Gibraltar Sailed around Africa Writing System Alphabet Phonetics Purple dye Trading boats

16. The End of the Phoenicians… • While things are going well for the Phoenicians… • The Persians rise to power and are slowly conquering everyone…and will eventually control this area of the Mediterranean and these people. • Cyr Cyrus the Great • Pers -Persian King