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This chapter explores the essential aspects of creating inclusive experiences in programs. It emphasizes the importance of adopting a positive attitude and demonstrating a welcoming demeanor. Key components include understanding the program's purpose, recognizing participants' diverse needs through assessments, and effectively analyzing activities. By making necessary adaptations—be it in equipment, rules, or instructional methods—program leaders can ensure that every participant feels valued and included. The chapter also addresses program management issues and offers insights into behavior management techniques to foster a respectful environment.
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Chapter9 Designing Inclusive Experiences chapter 9 Designing Inclusive Experiences Author name here for Edited books Nancy Nisbett
I am a part of all that I have met. –Alfred Tennyson
Having a Positive Attitude • “We want you here!” • Attitude can be your greatest strength. • It conveys willingness. • Be sure to make participants aware of this.
Demonstrating a Welcoming Attitude • Use appropriate terminology. • Work to remove barriers. • Remain flexible. • Help participants recognize differences and similarities. • Accept differences. • Treat all participants with respect.
Components of the Programs • Purpose • Participants • Activities An aide provides support for a camper during a hike in Bradford Woods.
Understanding the Purpose of the Program • Purpose will affect inclusiveness. • General skill development and social development • Advances skill development and competition • Focus on general skill development. • Individual differences should not matter • Focus is on creating inclusive experience for all
Understanding Program Participants • Each person has strengths and challenges that must be recognized. • Do this through a needs assessment. • Also reinforces your commitment to providing a positive experience.
Needs Assessment • Content • Potential limitations and strengths • Adaptations used by the participant • Medication and health needs • Concerns and questions • Who conducts the needs assessment? • Inclusion specialist (CTRS) • Program leaders or supervisors • Pros and cons of each
Understanding Activities • What is the activity? • Why is it being done? • These questions guide its design. • Understanding activity is the first step in an activity analysis.
Activity Analysis • The process of breaking an activity down into its components • Elements of an activity analysis: • Cognitive skills • Emotional skills • Physical skills • Social skills Campers socialize through partnered activities at an inclusive recreation summer camp.
Making Adaptations • Activity analysis tells you when an adaptation is needed. • Make adaptations only when necessary. • Ask the participant what will help. • Listen • Observe • Tailor the modification to the participant • Be creative and realistic
Three Areas of Adaptation 1. Equipment 2. Rules and methods 3. Instructional aides See table 9.2.
An Inclusive Approach • Involves including all program participants in creating the adaptations. • First, ask consent of participant. • All participants then discuss possibilities. • Opportunity to discuss similarities and differences • Increases group buy-in to adaptations
Program Management Issues • How much to charge? • Nothing. That is, nothing beyond regular fees. • Scholarships and sliding fees • Site selection • Transportation • Communication style
Behavior Management • Clear rules and expectations • Consistency • Respect • Modeling positive behavior • Negative reinforcement • Positive reinforcement • Intrinsic rewards • Extrinsic rewards
Summary • The elements of programming • Activity analysis • Making adaptations • Management issues
