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Structure and Function of the placenta

Structure and Function of the placenta. Michal Ovecka Sec IV. Placenta. An organ unique to mammals which connects the developing fetus to the uterine wall It supplies the fetus with oxygen and food while allowing fetal waste to be disposed via the maternal kidneys. Structure of Placenta.

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Structure and Function of the placenta

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  1. Structure and Function of the placenta • Michal Ovecka • Sec IV

  2. Placenta • An organ unique to mammals which connects the developing fetus to the uterine wall • It supplies the fetus with oxygen and food while allowing fetal waste to be disposed via the maternal kidneys

  3. Structure of Placenta • The Placenta grows into the Endometrium (the lining of the uterus) • Resembles a disk shape structure ~185mm in diameter and 20mm thick (grown in humans) • It is connected to the fetus via an Umbilical cord - contains two arteries and one vein • Umbilical veins serve as pathways for oxygenated fetal blood which flow from the placenta to the fetus

  4. Structure of Placenta • Placental villi are relatively small projections which give a large surface area (~14 m2)for gas exchange and exchange of other materials - maternal blood passes through the capillaries in the villi • Inter villous spaces are filled with maternal blood, they are brought in by uterine arteries and carried away by uterine veins

  5. Maternal Blood ➤ found in inter villous space ⬅ Microvill increase surface area for the exchange Placental Barrier➤ made up of Chorin ⬅ Mitochondria provide ATP for active transport Basement membrane ➤ Cytoplasm In ⇡ Out ⇣ O2 Glucose Lipids Water Minerals Vitamins Antibodies Hormones CO2 Urea Hormones Water Capillary enclosed fetal blood Connective Tissue ➤

  6. Allot, Andrew. IB Study Guides Biology. Second ed. Glasgow: Oxford UP, 2007. Print. page108 • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Placenta.jpg

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